Clearer Thinking with Spencer Greenberg 2024年07月17日
How to measure impact, and why we may have all been doing it wrong (with Michael Plant)
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有效利他主义运动中的研究者通常以功利主义视角看待工作,却鲜少关注主观幸福感的研究。文章探讨了主观幸福感测量的可靠性、QALYs和DALYs在量化福祉方面的优劣,以及为何某些健康状况的预期幸福感与实际感受存在差异。同时,文章还提出了量化福祉的新方法,并讨论了心理干预在提升主观幸福感方面的效果及如何改进。

🤔 有效利他主义研究者为何忽视主观幸福感研究?文章分析了这一现象,并探讨了主观幸福感测量的可靠性和准确性。

💡 文章比较了QALYs和DALYs在量化福祉方面的优点和缺点,以及它们在实际应用中的局限性。

🌍 文章探讨了为何某些健康状况的预期幸福感与实际感受存在差异,以及人们如何应对不同疾病。

🚀 文章提出了量化福祉的新方法,为有效利他主义运动提供了新的研究方向。

🎯 文章讨论了心理干预在提升主观幸福感方面的效果,以及如何在不同文化中发挥作用。

Read the full transcript here.

Researchers in the Effective Altruism movement often view their work through a utilitarian lens, so why haven't they traditionally paid much attention to the psychological research into subjective wellbeing (i.e., people's self-reported levels of happiness, life satisfaction, feelings of purpose and meaning in life, etc.)? Are such subjective measures reliable and accurate? Or rather, which such measures are the most reliable and accurate? What are the pros and cons of using QALYs and DALYs to quantify wellbeing? Why is there sometimes a disconnect between the projected level of subjective wellbeing of a health condition and its actual level (e.g., some people can learn to manage and cope with "major" diseases, but some people with "minor" conditions like depression or anxiety might be in a constant state of agony)? What are some new and promising approaches to quantifying wellbeing? The EA movement typically uses the criteria of scale, neglectedness, and tractability for prioritizing cause areas; is that framework still relevant and useful? How do those criteria apply on a personal level? And how do those criteria taken together differ conceptually from cost-effectiveness? How effective are psychological interventions at improving subjective wellbeing? How well do such interventions work in different cultures? How can subjective wellbeing measures be improved? How can philosophers help us do good better?

Michael Plant is the Founder and Director of the Happier Lives Institute, a non-profit research institute that searches for the most cost-effective ways to increase global well-being. Michael is also a Research Fellow at the Wellbeing Research Centre, Oxford. He has a PhD in Philosophy from Oxford, and his thesis, entitled Doing Good Badly? Philosophical Issues Related to Effective Altruism, was supervised by Peter Singer and Hilary Greaves.

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有效利他主义 主观幸福感 福祉量化 心理干预
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