本期节目中，营养学博士克里斯·马斯特约翰深入探讨了NAD补充剂的最新研究成果，并分享了他对该主题的个人见解。节目还深入探讨了胆碱缺乏症及其在非酒精性脂肪肝疾病发病率上升中的作用。克里斯还阐述了甲基化的重要性，以及MTHFR和COMT基因在甲基化中的作用。

🤔 **胆碱缺乏症与非酒精性脂肪肝疾病：** 胆碱是一种重要的营养物质，对肝脏健康至关重要。胆碱缺乏症会导致非酒精性脂肪肝疾病（NAFLD），这是一种越来越普遍的疾病，会损害肝脏。

🧬 **甲基化：** 甲基化是一个重要的生化过程，涉及将甲基添加到 DNA 和蛋白质中。甲基化对身体的许多功能至关重要，包括免疫系统、神经传递和 DNA 修复。MTHFR 和 COMT 基因参与甲基化过程，这些基因的变异可能会影响个体的健康和福祉。

💪 **NAD：** NAD 是一种重要的辅酶，参与数百种代谢反应。NAD 补充剂已被证明具有抗衰老和改善认知功能的潜力。然而，NAD 补充剂也存在潜在的风险，例如肝脏毒性。

💡 **MTHFR 和 COMT 基因：** MTHFR 和 COMT 是参与甲基化的关键酶。这些基因的变异会导致甲基化过程发生改变，从而影响个体的健康状况。

💊 **NAD补充剂：** NAD 补充剂是近年来备受关注的健康产品，但其安全性和有效性仍存在争议。克里斯·马斯特约翰分享了他对 NAD 补充剂的个人见解，并提醒听众注意潜在的风险和益处。

🧠 **甲基化与健康：** 甲基化对身体的许多重要功能至关重要。了解甲基化过程以及 MTHFR 和 COMT 基因的作用，有助于我们更好地理解和维护自身健康。

💪 **NAD补充剂的潜在益处：** NAD 补充剂可能具有抗衰老、改善认知功能、提高能量水平等多种潜在益处。

⚠️ **NAD补充剂的潜在风险：** NAD 补充剂也存在潜在的风险，包括肝脏毒性、胃肠道问题、睡眠障碍等。

💡 **个人化营养：** 每个人对营养物质的需求和反应都不同。了解自己的基因和生活方式，可以帮助我们制定个性化的营养方案，以维护健康。

🤔 **科学证据的重要性：** 在做出健康决策之前，我们应该充分了解科学证据，并咨询专业人士的意见。

In this episode, Chris Masterjohn, entrepreneur, independent researcher, and doctorate in nutrition, elucidates the latest research on the risk and benefits of NAD supplements, and shares his personal intuition on the topic. We also dive deep into choline deficiency and its role in the rising prevalence of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. From there, Chris enlightens us on the importance of methylation, a simple yet profoundly important biochemical process affecting our physical and mental health. He also describes the variations of the genes MTHFR and COMT, enzymes which play important roles in methylation and which have profound impacts on our well-being.

 

We discuss:

Chris’s background, falling in love with biochemistry, and decision to pursue research over medicine [7:45]; Choline: what it is, why it is important, and how a deficiency can cause non-alcoholic fatty liver disease [11:45]; NAFLD: increasing prevalence and potential causes [25:00]; TMAO: Should we be worried about the TMAO content in choline and our foods? [39:15]; Types of fatty acids: How they may predispose us to different types of illnesses [53:30]; Why don’t we see low VLDL in patients with NAFLD? [59:45]; Understanding flux, and how machine learning may affect medicine in the near future [1:03:15]; NAD: How it works, supplements, sirtuins, and the central role of the liver [1:09:30]; Intravenous NAD [1:33:00]; Oral NR: Is it the optimal way to get more NAD? [1:38:30]; What is the possible harm of taking an NAD precursor? [1:47:15]; The MTHFR gene [1:49:45]; The methylation pathway [1:58:15]; The COMT gene [2:04:30]; Creatine: The uses and benefits and its important role in methylation [2:10:15]; Dietary strategies for MTHFR: choline, creatine, folate, and glycine [2:16:45]; How to mitigate the negative effects of NAD supplements [2:23:45]; A case study of a person with high homocysteine [2:28:00]; What is the level of evidence that you need to take action? [2:32:15]; Does Chris supplement with NAD precursors? And can it improve symptoms of rosacea? [2:35:45]; Decision making in the face of inconclusive data, and trying to disentangle the placebo effect [2:39:00]; What does Chris believe to be true that very few people would agree with him about? [2:43:15]; How to follow Chris’s work [2:48:45]; and More.

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