本期“问答”节目深入探讨了骨骼健康，解释了为什么从儿童到老年人，每个人都应该关注骨骼健康。节目从骨骼矿物质密度概述开始，介绍了骨骼矿物质密度的测量方法、生命周期中的变化以及男女之间由于雌激素水平变化而导致的差异。随后，节目深入探讨了如何改善骨骼健康，从运动到营养补充剂到药物。此外，节目还讨论了当一个人被迫久坐不动（例如卧床休息）时会发生什么，以及如何在这段时间内尽量减少损伤。

👨‍⚕️ **骨骼健康概述**：本节目涵盖了骨骼健康的方方面面，从骨骼功能和结构到骨骼矿物质密度，以及各种影响骨骼健康的因素，例如运动、营养、药物等等。

🦴 **骨骼矿物质密度（BMD）**：节目详细解释了BMD的概念，包括其测量方法、影响因素、以及不同年龄和性别之间的差异。BMD是评估骨骼健康的重要指标，可以帮助预测骨折风险。

💪 **改善骨骼健康的措施**：节目介绍了多种改善骨骼健康的措施，包括运动、营养补充剂、药物治疗等。不同的措施针对不同的问题，例如，运动可以增强骨密度，营养补充剂可以补充骨骼所需的营养物质，药物治疗可以抑制骨质流失。

🛌 **久坐不动对骨骼的影响**：节目还讨论了久坐不动对骨骼健康的影响，以及如何尽量减少损伤。长时间卧床休息会加速骨质流失，因此需要采取措施，例如进行一些轻微的运动，补充钙和维生素D等。

💊 **药物对骨骼的影响**：节目还提到了某些药物对骨骼健康的影响，例如某些抗抑郁药物、抗癫痫药物等，可以导致骨质流失。因此，在服用药物时，需要注意药物对骨骼健康的影响，并咨询医生。

View the Show Notes Page for This Episode

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In this “Ask Me Anything” (AMA) episode, Peter dives deep into the topic of bone health and explains why this is an important topic for everyone, from children to the elderly. He begins with an overview of bone mineral density, how it's measured, how it changes over the course of life, and the variability between sexes largely due to changes in estrogen levels. From there he provides insights into ways that one can improve bone health, from exercise to nutrition supplements to drugs. Additionally, Peter discusses what happens when one may be forced to be sedentary (e.g., bedrest) and how you can work to minimize the damage during these periods.

If you’re not a subscriber and listening on a podcast player, you’ll only be able to hear a preview of the AMA. If you’re a subscriber, you can now listen to this full episode on your private RSS feed or on our website at the AMA #37 show notes page. If you are not a subscriber, you can learn more about the subscriber benefits here.

We discuss:

Overview of bone health topics to be discussed [1:45]; Bones 101: bone function, structure, and more [5:15]; Bone mineral density (BMD), minerals in bone, role of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and more [8:30]; The consequences of poor bone health [13:30]; The devastating nature of hip fractures: morbidity and mortality data [17:00]; Where fractures tend to occur in the body [23:00]; Defining osteopenia and osteoporosis [24:30]; Measuring BMD with DEXA and how to interpret scores [27:00]; Variability in BMD between sexes [34:15]; When should people have their first bone mineral density scan? [36:45]; How BMD changes throughout the life and how it differs between men and women [39:00]; How changes in estrogen levels (e.g., menopause) impact bone health [44:00]; Why HRT is not considered a standard of care for postmenopausal bone loss [47:30]; Factors determining who may be at higher risk of poor bone health [50:30]; Common drugs that can negatively impact BMD [54:15]; How children can optimize bone health and lay the foundation for the future [57:45]; Types of physical activity that can positively impact bone health [1:02:30]; How weight loss can negatively impact bone health and how exercise can counteract those effects [1:10:45]; Nutrition and supplements for bone health [1:14:15]; Pharmaceutical drugs prescribed for those with low BMD [1:17:15]; Impact of extreme sedentary periods (e.g., bedrest) and how to minimize their damage to bone [1:22:00]; and More.

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