本期节目邀请了剑桥大学美国历史教授盖里·格斯特尔，他探讨了美国过去一百年的政治经济秩序变迁，涵盖了新政秩序和新自由主义秩序的兴衰。节目深入分析了新自由主义秩序的兴起与衰落，以及其过度带来的政治、经济和社会危机。同时，节目还展望了未来可能的政治经济秩序，探讨了驱动新秩序的各派力量以及可能出现的政策理念和框架。

👨‍🏫 **新政秩序与新自由主义秩序的兴衰:** 本节目从历史视角出发，详细阐述了美国过去一百年政治经济秩序的演变。新政秩序始于20世纪30年代初，并在20世纪70年代中后期瓦解；新自由主义秩序则从20世纪70年代末到80年代初开始兴起，并在2010年代中期奥巴马第二任期和特朗普当选期间开始解体。节目通过对这两个秩序的兴衰分析，揭示了美国政治经济的复杂性和演变规律。

📈 **新自由主义秩序的过度与危机:** 节目重点关注了新自由主义秩序的兴衰，分析了该秩序过度带来的政治、经济和社会危机。新自由主义秩序的过度导致了收入不平等加剧、社会流动性下降、政治极化加剧等问题，最终引发了社会不满和政治动荡。节目深入探讨了新自由主义秩序的缺陷和弊端，为理解当前美国面临的困境提供了重要参考。

🔮 **未来政治经济秩序的展望:** 节目展望了未来可能的政治经济秩序，探讨了驱动新秩序的各派力量以及可能出现的政策理念和框架。节目认为，未来政治经济秩序的走向将取决于各派力量的博弈和社会发展趋势，并对未来可能出现的政策方向和社会变革进行了深入分析。

💡 **节目亮点:** 本节目以历史为背景，通过对美国政治经济秩序的兴衰分析，揭示了社会变革的动力和趋势，为理解当前美国面临的挑战提供了重要参考。节目还对未来政治经济秩序进行了展望，为我们思考未来社会发展方向提供了启示。

In Episode 346 of Hidden Forces, Demetri Kofinas speaks with Professor of American History at the University of Cambridge, Gary Gerstle. Dr. Gerstle is the author and editor of more than ten books, including the “Rise and Fall of the New Deal Order,” and his most recent, “The Rise and Fall of the Neoliberal Order,” which was chosen as a Best Book of 2022 by the Financial Times and Prospect Magazine.

Gerstle and Kofinas spend the first hour of their conversation discussing the last one hundred years of American history, which spans two political orders—that of the New Deal Order, which ascends in the early 1930s and comes apart in the mid-to-late 1970s and the Neoliberal Order, which begins its rise in the late 1970s-to-early-80s and starts to disintegrate in the mid-2010s during Obama’s second term in office and the election of Donald Trump.

The second hour of their conversation is devoted exclusively to understanding the rise and fall of the Neoliberal Order and how the excesses of that period have created the conditions for the political, economic, and social crises that are currently gripping the nation. Gerstle and Kofinas also speculate about what may come out of this period, what a new order could look like, what the various factions are that will drive it forward, and what policy ideas, priorities, and ideological frameworks are likely to animate it.  

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Episode Recorded on 12/26/2023