本期节目邀请了诺兰·威廉姆斯博士，一位斯坦福大学精神病学和行为科学教授，他同时也是斯坦福大脑刺激实验室主任。我们讨论了大脑刺激在临床上的应用，行为协议以及用于阻止和逆转心理健康障碍（包括抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD））的新型药物治疗方法。我们首先讨论了自我认同、情绪和压力控制的神经回路。我们讨论了威廉姆斯博士利用经颅磁刺激（TMS）治疗抑郁症、创伤、PTSD和其他情绪障碍的工作。然后，我们深入探讨了各种致幻剂的历史、生物学、现代应用和安全范围，包括MDMA、LSD、氯胺酮、伊波加因、阿яхуаска和裸盖菇，以及大麻和成人和儿童使用选择性 serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)。最后，我们讨论了心理健康障碍的行为治疗，包括睡眠和睡眠剥夺、光照、运动和训练以控制大脑-心脏-心率通路。无论年龄大小，所有对心理健康感兴趣的人都会从威廉姆斯博士令人难以置信的广博知识和清晰的表达方式中获益。

🧠 **大脑回路与心理健康**：节目深入探讨了自我认同、情绪和压力控制的神经回路，并解释了这些回路如何影响心理健康状况，例如抑郁症和创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）。

🧠 **经颅磁刺激（TMS）**：节目介绍了TMS作为治疗抑郁症、创伤、PTSD和其他情绪障碍的有效方法。威廉姆斯博士分享了他使用TMS治疗这些疾病的经验，并讨论了其背后的神经机制。

🧠 **致幻剂治疗**：节目涵盖了各种致幻剂，包括MDMA、LSD、氯胺酮、伊波加因、阿яхуаска和裸盖菇，以及大麻和选择性 serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)的临床应用。节目还讨论了这些药物的潜在益处和风险，以及它们在治疗心理健康障碍方面的研究进展。

🧠 **行为干预**：节目强调了行为干预在心理健康中的重要性，包括睡眠和睡眠剥夺、光照、运动和训练以控制大脑-心脏-心率通路。节目还探讨了这些行为干预如何帮助调节情绪、缓解压力和改善整体心理健康。

🧠 **精神健康障碍的谱系**：节目指出，精神健康障碍并非绝对的，而是存在一个连续谱系。这意味着，每个人都可能经历某种程度的心理健康问题，而并非所有人都需要药物治疗。节目鼓励人们认识到心理健康障碍的谱系，并寻求适当的帮助。

In this episode, my guest is Nolan Williams, M.D., a triple board-certified psychiatrist, neurologist and professor of psychiatry and behavioral sciences at Stanford School of Medicine. He is also the Director of the Stanford Brain Stimulation Lab. We discuss clinical applications for brain stimulation, behavioral protocols and novel drug treatments to halt and reverse mental health disorders, including depression and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). We first discuss the neural circuits for self-identity and mood and stress control. We discuss Dr. Williams’ work using transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) to depression, trauma, PTSD, and other mood disorders. We then dive deep into the history, biology, modern use, and safety margins of the various psychedelics, including MDMA, LSD, ketamine, ibogaine, ayahuasca, and psilocybin, as well as cannabis and the use of SSRIs in both adults and children. Finally, we discuss behavioral treatments for mental health disorders, including sleep and sleep deprivation, light exposure, exercise, and training to control the brain-heart-rate pathways. Regardless of age, all those interested in mental health should benefit from the incredible breadth and depth of Dr. Williams’ knowledge and the clarity with which he conveys that information.

For the full show notes, visit hubermanlab.com.

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Timestamps

(00:00:00) Dr. Nolan Williams, Brain Stimulation & Depression Treatment

(00:03:48) Sponsors: LMNT

(00:09:16) Depression, Risk Factors, Emergency Psychiatric Treatments

(00:15:11) The Brain-Heart Connection, Vagus Nerve, Prefrontal Cortex

(00:17:51) Right vs. Left Brain Hemispheres & Mood Balance, Connectome

(00:22:34) Heart Rate & Depression, Behavioral Interventions, Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation (TMS)

(00:33:02) Prefrontal Cortex & Cognitive Control, TMS

(00:35:30) Sponsor: AG1

(00:39:00) Belief/Identity “Rules”, Re-scripting, TMS & Talk Therapy

(00:45:49) Dorsolateral Prefrontal Cortex, TMS & Depression Treatment

(00:48:36) Cingulate Cortex & Emotion, Dissociation & Catatonia

(00:54:27) Ketamine, the Opioid System & Depression; Psychedelic Experience or Biology?

(01:03:42) SSRIs, Serotonin & Depression; Childhood, Chemical Imbalance or Circuit?

(01:13:58) Memories & “Rule” Creation; Psilocybin & “Rule” Resolution

(01:21:00) MDMA & Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) Treatment, Psilocybin & Depression Treatment

(01:24:12) Is MDMA Neurotoxic?, Drug Purity, Dopamine Surges, Post-MDMA Prolactin

(01:30:38) Psilocybin, Brain Connectivity & Depression Treatment

(01:34:53) Exposure Response Prevention: “Letting Go” & Depression Treatment

(01:41:23) Normal Spectrums for Mental Health Disorders

(01:45:35) Ibogaine & “Life Review”; PTSD, Depression & Clinical Trials

(01:57:16) Clinical Use of Psychedelics

(02:01:59) Ayahuasca, Brazilian Prisoner Study

(02:06:55) Cannabis: THC, CBD & Psychosis, Clinical Uses

(02:14:52) Personal Relative Drug Risk & Alcohol

(02:20:42) Circadian Reset for Depression, Sleep Deprivation, Light

(02:28:43) Stanford Neuromodulation Therapy (SNT) Study

(02:34:25) Space Learning Theory & TMS Stimulation

(02:45:35) Zero-Cost Support, YouTube Feedback, Spotify & Apple Reviews, Sponsors, Huberman Lab Premium, Neural Network Newsletter, Social Media

Title Card Photo Credit: Mike Blabac

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