本期播客深入探讨了骨骼健康这一重要话题，涵盖了从儿童到老年人的广泛人群。节目首先介绍了骨密度、测量方法以及其随生命周期的变化，并探讨了不同性别之间的差异，这主要与雌激素水平的变化有关。随后，节目深入探讨了改善骨骼健康的各种方法，包括运动、营养补充剂和药物。此外，节目还讨论了在久坐不动的情况下（例如，卧床休息）如何将骨骼损伤降到最低。尽管这是一期AMA（问我任何事）节目，但所有听众都可以完整收听这次特别重播。

🦴 骨骼基础知识：节目首先介绍了骨骼的功能和结构，为听众打下基础。探讨了骨骼的组成，包括骨矿物质，以及成骨细胞和破骨细胞在骨骼健康中的作用。

📉 骨密度（BMD）：节目详细解释了骨密度的概念，以及如何通过DEXA扫描进行测量和解读。讨论了不同性别之间的骨密度差异，以及何时应该进行首次骨密度扫描。还介绍了骨密度随生命周期的变化，以及更年期等因素对骨骼健康的影响。

⚠️ 骨骼健康风险因素：节目探讨了影响骨骼健康的各种因素，包括可能导致骨密度下降的常见药物。讨论了儿童如何优化骨骼健康，为未来打下基础。此外，还介绍了不同类型的体育活动对骨骼健康的积极影响，以及减肥对骨骼的潜在负面影响，以及如何通过运动来抵消这些影响。

💊 骨骼健康干预措施：节目讨论了营养和补充剂在骨骼健康中的作用。介绍了针对骨密度较低患者的药物治疗方案。还探讨了在长时间久坐不动（例如，卧床休息）的情况下，如何最大限度地减少对骨骼的损害。

View the Show Notes Page for This Episode

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In this episode from July 2022, Peter dives deep into the topic of bone health and explains why this is an important topic for everyone, from children to the elderly. He begins with an overview of bone mineral density, how it’s measured, how it changes over the course of life, and the variability between sexes largely due to changes in estrogen levels. From there he provides insights into ways that one can improve bone health, from exercise to nutrition supplements to drugs. Additionally, Peter discusses what happens when one may be forced to be sedentary (e.g., bedrest) and how you can work to minimize the damage during these periods.

While this original episode is an AMA, it is available in full to all listeners as a special rebroadcast.

We discuss:

Overview of bone health topics to be discussed [2:30]; Bones 101: bone function, structure, and more [6:15]; Bone mineral density (BMD), minerals in bone, role of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, and more [9:30]; The consequences of poor bone health [14:30]; The devastating nature of hip fractures: morbidity and mortality data [18:00]; Where fractures tend to occur in the body [23:45]; Defining osteopenia and osteoporosis [25:30]; Measuring BMD with DEXA and how to interpret scores [28:00]; Variability in BMD between sexes [35:15]; When should people have their first bone mineral density scan? [37:45]; How BMD changes throughout the life and how it differs between men and women [40:15]; How changes in estrogen levels (e.g., menopause) impact bone health [45:15]; Why HRT is not considered a standard of care for postmenopausal bone loss [49:00]; Factors determining who may be at higher risk of poor bone health [52:00]; Common drugs that can negatively impact BMD [55:45]; How children can optimize bone health and lay the foundation for the future [59:30]; Types of physical activity that can positively impact bone health [1:03:30]; How weight loss can negatively impact bone health and how exercise can counteract those effects [1:12:15]; Nutrition and supplements for bone health [1:16:00]; Pharmaceutical drugs prescribed for those with low BMD [1:18:45]; Impact of extreme sedentary periods (e.g., bedrest) and how to minimize their damage to bone [1:23:30]; and More.

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