Astral Codex Ten Podcast feed 2024年09月22日
Your Book Review: The History of the Rise and Influence of the Spirit of Rationalism in Europe
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1861年4月,美国内战爆发,而远在欧洲的阿尔卑斯山脉,古老的市场小镇莫尔津也陷入了恐慌。当地居民接连出现怪异症状,包括抽搐、恍惚、说奇怪的语言,以及其他无法解释的现象。当地政府向中央政府求助,认为这是恶魔附身。精神病部门总监奥古斯丁·孔斯坦医生被派往调查,发现整个小镇笼罩在恐惧和绝望中。他摒弃了传统的指责巫术、拷问和处决的模式,而是对受影响的人进行了检查,最终让所有患者都免受折磨和火刑。

😈 **1861年4月的莫尔津:** 伴随着美国内战的爆发,这个位于阿尔卑斯山脉西部的古老小镇莫尔津也遭遇了奇怪的事件。当地居民开始出现令人不安的症状,包括抽搐、恍惚、说奇怪的语言,以及其他无法解释的现象。这些现象让整个小镇陷入恐慌,当地政府向中央政府求助,认为这是恶魔附身。

👨‍⚕️ **奥古斯丁·孔斯坦医生的调查:** 精神病部门总监奥古斯丁·孔斯坦医生被派往莫尔津调查。他到达后发现整个小镇笼罩在恐惧和绝望中,每个人都害怕自己或亲人被恶魔吞噬。

🩺 **非传统的治疗方法:** 当时,治疗这类事件的标准做法是指责某人使用巫术,通常是一个贫穷、孤立、年迈的女性,然后对其施以酷刑,逼迫她承认与魔鬼勾结,最后将其处死。然而,孔斯坦医生摒弃了这种传统做法,而是对受影响的人进行了仔细的检查,最终让所有患者都免受折磨和火刑。

🤔 **对传统治疗方法的质疑:** 孔斯坦医生的做法挑战了当时流行的巫术指控和酷刑处决的模式。他认为,这些怪异症状并非源于巫术,而是可能与其他因素有关,例如某种未知的疾病或精神疾病。

📚 **历史与医学的交汇:** 这段历史故事展现了19世纪人们对精神疾病和超自然现象的认知。它也反映了当时社会对于巫术的恐惧和偏见,以及对科学治疗方法的探索。

Sep 22, 2024Finalist #11 in the Book Review Contest[This is one of the finalists in the 2024 book reviewcontest, written by an ACX reader who will remain anonymous untilafter voting is done. I’ll be posting about one of these a week forseveral months. When you’ve read them all, I’ll ask you to vote fora favorite, so remember which ones you liked]April, 1861 was a cruel month. The American Civil War had juststarted, and across the Atlantic, high in a remote valley in thewestern Alps, in the old market town of Morzines, another war wasraging, this one pitting the locals against the legions ofHell. The regional authorities, confronted with an outbreak oftownspeople writhing in convulsions, entering trances, shrieking inweird tongues, and suffering from other diabolical whatnot, hadbegged the central government for help, writing: “To conclude, we will say: That our impression is that all thisis supernatural, in cause and in effects; according to the rules ofsound logic, and according to everything that theology,ecclesiastical history, and the Gospel teach and tell us, wedeclare it our considered opinion that this is truly demonicpossession.”Dr. Augustin Constans, Inspector General of the InsaneDepartment (inspecteur général du service des aliénés) wasdispatched from Paris to investigate. The Doctor laterreported,“Arriving in Morzines on April 26, I found the entire populationin a state of depression difficult to describe; everyone was deepin morbid gloom, living in constant fear of finding themselves ortheir loved ones consumed by devils.”Dr. Constans’ next action was highly unorthodox. Standardprotocol for treating these afflictions called for accusing someoneof witchcraft, preferably a poor, socially isolated, old woman,(although, in a pinch, anyone of any sex, status, or age would do,and often did), torturing her until she confessed to creating thecalamity by consorting with the Devil, and, after that, lightingher on fire, first strangling her to death, if, at this stage ofthe proceedings, one judged that a modicum of mercy was in order.Undoubtedly aware of this precedent, Dr. Constans rounded up thepossessed and subjected them to: …an examination. From which, allof his new patients emerged non-tortured andunburnt.  https://www.astralcodexten.com/p/your-book-review-the-history-of-the 

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恶魔附身 莫尔津 阿尔卑斯山 1861年 巫术 精神疾病
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