本期AMA节目中，Peter和Bob围绕胰岛素抵抗展开深入讨论，回顾了Gerald Shulman在The Drive节目中关于胰岛素抵抗的重要观点，并全面解析了胰岛素抵抗的成因、检测方法、在肌肉和肝脏的表现，以及我们如何应对这一状况。

🧬 在本期节目中，主持人详细解释了AMA的格式，并从Gerald Shulman关于胰岛素抵抗的精彩讲座中提取了重要见解，为听众提供了深入了解胰岛素抵抗的机会。

🧪 节目中，嘉宾们探讨了胰岛素的基础知识，定义了胰岛素抵抗，并介绍了在肌肉中量化胰岛素抵抗的金标准方法，帮助听众理解这一复杂生物现象。

🏥 提供了在常规临床环境中测试胰岛素抵抗的实际方法，使得医疗专业人员能够更有效地诊断和治疗这一疾病。

💪 分析了胰岛素抵抗在肌肉中的表现，包括糖原合成的生化障碍、导致肌肉胰岛素抵抗的驱动因素和机制，以及敏感与抵抗个体间脂肪氧化的差异。

🍟 讨论了胰岛素抵抗个体摄入碳水化合物的命运，以及胰岛素抵抗的普遍性和临床表型，为公众提供了有关这一问题的科学视角。

🏋️‍♂️ 探讨了运动在减轻和逆转胰岛素抵抗方面的作用，为想要改善健康状况的人们提供了实用的建议。

🐇 最后，节目还讨论了胰岛素抵抗在肝脏中的表现，以及我们可以采取哪些措施来减轻和预防胰岛素抵抗，为听众提供了实用的健康信息。

In this “Ask Me Anything” (AMA) episode, Peter and Bob discuss all things related to insulin resistance by revisiting the important points made in the fascinating, yet quite technical, episode of The Drive with Gerald Shulman. They devote the entire discussion to understanding the condition known as insulin resistance, how it’s measured, how it manifests in the muscle and liver, and ultimately, what we can do about it.

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We discuss:

Explaining the format of this AMA: Extracting insights from Gerald Shulman’s masterclass on insulin resistance (2:00); The basics of insulin, defining insulin resistance (IR), and gold-standard methods of quantifying IR in the muscle (7:15); Practical ways to test for insulin resistance in a normal clinical setting (15:45); How insulin resistance manifests in the muscle (23:00); The biochemical block in glycogen synthesis—drivers and mechanisms resulting in insulin resistance in the muscle (30:45); The disparity in fat oxidation between insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant individuals (44:45); The fate of the ingested carbohydrate in someone who is insulin resistant (51:00); The prevalence and clinical phenotype of insulin resistance (1:00:15); The role of exercise in mitigating and reversing insulin resistance (1:05:00); How insulin resistance manifests in the liver (1:09:15); Biggest takeaways: what we can do to mitigate and prevent insulin resistance (1:20:45); and More.

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