肿瘤学家、普利策奖得主Siddhartha Mukherjee在最新书籍《细胞之歌》中，探讨了细胞发现如何改变医学，并详细介绍了从单细胞到多细胞生命的进化驱动力。他还解析了四种基于细胞的疗法及其试图解决的问题，以及最新的基因治疗技术，如CRISPR，以及人类基因编辑的伦理问题。

🔬 Siddhartha Mukherjee揭示了细胞如何让基因组生动起来，并串联起他以往作品，讲述了一个完整的故事。

🏥 细胞的发现和疾病细菌理论推动了医学的巨大飞跃，改变了我们对疾病的理解。

🧬 探讨了生命从单细胞向多细胞进化的驱动力，以及这一过程对医学研究的影响。

💉 介绍了四种细胞疗法，包括CAR T细胞疗法，这是一种有前景的癌症基因治疗。

🔬 讨论了使用基因治疗技术如CRISPR治疗遗传性疾病，如镰状细胞病的可能性。

🤔 分析了人类基因编辑中的伦理问题，以及基因编辑技术CRISPR带来的革命性变化。

🧠 探讨了遗传学在精神疾病中的作用，以及科学研究中两种类型的问题。

🔍 通过神经网络的例子，解释了“沙尘暴中的眼睛”问题的解决。

📚 比较了博士生和医学生的学习风格，强调了实践中学习的重要性。

🖊️Sid独特的写作风格，以及他如何通过文字讲述科学故事。

👽 讨论了多细胞生物存在的局限性，如跌倒成为意外死亡的主要原因。

🧩Sid分享了自己与抑郁症的斗争，以及他改变对精神疾病负面看法的愿望。

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Siddhartha Mukherjee is an oncologist, Pulitzer Prize-winning author, and previous guest on The Drive. In this episode, Sid discusses many of the subjects of his latest book, The Song of the Cell, including the incredible discovery of the cell and how it transformed medicine. He explains the evolutionary drive to go from single-cell to multicellular life and unpacks the four different types of cell-based therapies and the problems they are attempting to solve. He also provides the latest in gene therapy, such as CRISPR, and the ethical questions around human gene editing. Additionally, he touches on a number of fascinating topics, such as the challenges of medical science, the human brain, learning styles, his writing process, mental health, and more.

We discuss:

How the cell brings the genome to life, and how Sid’s recent book fits into his prior work to tell a story [2:30]; How the germ theory of disease and an understanding of the cell fueled a big leap in medicine [9:45]; What is the evolutionary drive for multicellular life? [17:15]; Four types of cell therapies and the challenges of gene therapy [26:00]; CAR T-cell therapy: promising gene therapy for cancer [36:30]; The possibility of using gene therapy to treat germline mutations like sickle cell disease [41:45]; The incredible revolution of gene editing with CRISPR [45:15]; Ethical questions around human gene editing [52:30]; The complex role of genetics in mental illness [1:01:30]; Two types of problems in science: the “eye in the sandstorm” problem and the “sand in the eye” problem [1:06:15]; Understanding neural networks: an example of the “sand in the eye” problem being solved [1:08:45]; Importance of learning by doing: comparing the learning styles of a doctoral student to a medical student [1:16:30]; Sid’s unique and brilliant style of writing [1:20:45]; Falling as the leading cause of accidental death: a liability of multicellular existence [1:25:00]; Sid’s struggle with depression and his desire to change the stigma around mental illness [1:29:15]; and More.

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