Hidden Forces feed 2024年07月17日
Online Extremists, Techno-Utopians, and the Hijacking of the American Conversation | Andrew Marantz
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《反社会:网络极端分子、技术乌托邦和美国对话的劫持》一书揭示了科技、媒体和政治之间的界限正在消失,导致我们现在所处的破碎的信息环境。作者安德鲁·马兰茨深入探究了硅谷科技企业家和网络极端分子的世界,展现了技术乌托邦如何助长网络极端主义的传播,以及网络极端分子如何利用社交媒体操纵舆论、影响选举,甚至从中牟利。

👨‍💻 **技术乌托邦的兴起与责任缺失:** 硅谷科技企业家秉持着“快速行动,打破常规”的理念,将互联网视为民主的化身,却忽视了其带来的负面影响。他们对平台内容缺乏监管,导致网络极端主义思想得以滋生和蔓延。例如,马克·扎克伯格的Facebook平台成为了网络极端主义传播的温床,而Facebook却对此置之不理,甚至将其视为民主的体现。

🌐 **网络极端主义的传播机制:** 作者通过对网络极端分子人物的采访和研究,揭示了网络极端主义思想的传播路径。从匿名社交媒体平台到主流媒体,再到总统的推特账号,网络极端主义思想不断渗透到社会各个角落。作者还分析了网络极端主义思想对年轻人的影响,以及他们如何被吸引加入极端主义组织。

💪 **网络极端主义的影响:** 网络极端主义不仅对社会造成负面影响,还直接影响了选举结果。作者以2016年美国总统大选为例,分析了网络极端分子如何利用社交媒体操纵舆论,将特朗普推上了总统宝座。网络极端主义的兴起也加剧了社会分化,导致人们对彼此的信任度下降。

🤔 **反思与应对:** 作者呼吁人们反思互联网的负面影响,以及如何应对网络极端主义的挑战。他认为,科技企业应该承担起更多的社会责任,对平台内容进行有效监管,防止网络极端主义思想的传播。同时,政府也应该制定相关法律法规,打击网络极端主义活动。

🆘 **社会责任与个人行动:** 作者强调,社会各界需要共同努力,营造健康积极的网络环境。每个人都应该提高自身的信息素养,辨别真伪,抵制网络谣言。同时,也要积极参与到反网络极端主义的行动中,为维护社会和谐稳定贡献力量。

In Episode 107 of Hidden Forces, Demetri Kofinas speaks with New Yorker staff writer Andrew Marantz, about his new book “Antisocial: Online Extremists, Techno-Utopians, and the Hijacking of the American Conversation. In the book, Andrew reveals how the boundaries between technology, media, and politics have been erased, resulting in the deeply broken informational landscape in which we all now live. This conversation is meant to help us understand what went wrong and how we might go about trying to fix it.

For several years, New Yorker staff writer Andrew Marantz has been embedded in two worlds. The first is the world of social-media entrepreneurs—the new gatekeepers of Silicon Valley—who upended all traditional means of receiving and transmitting information. The second is the world of the people he calls the gate-crashers—the conspiracists, white supremacists, and nihilist trolls who have become experts at using social media to advance their agenda, influence elections, or just make money. Marantz weaves these two worlds together to create an unsettling portrait of today’s America, both online and in real life. He reveals how the boundaries between technology, media, and politics have been erased, resulting in the deeply broken informational landscape in which we all now live. In candid conversations with Silicon Valley executives and social media entrepreneurs, Andrew Marantz discovers a selective community of techno-utopians who took Mark Zuckerberg’s motto, “Move Fast and Break Things,” to heart. Viewing their role as disruptors to be free of any responsibility to actually monitor the tools they have built, they either choose not to police their users’ actions or, in many cases, don’t know where to begin. In fact, in Andrew’s portrayal, such policing is often seen by these techno-utopians as being antithetical to the nature of democracy, which they synonymize with the Internet writ large. 

In the lead-up to the 2016 presidential election, it became apparent to Andrew that something was happening online. On Facebook for instance, while many of the traditional gatekeepers to information—like Reason, Foreign Affairs, the Nation, and more—were seeing less engagement with readers, other, darker corners of the platform were thriving. Most people view social media as a reflection of popular will and interest, but the virality industry is built on a large number of small human choices. At every step, there are people behind the curtain, and ahead of the election, someone was attempting to drag the notion of a Trump presidency from the fringes into the realm of the imaginable. But who were these new virologists? Enter the gate-crashers. Marantz spent years analyzing how alienated young people are led down the rabbit hole of online radicalization, and how fringe ideas spread—from anonymous corners of social media to cable TV to the President's Twitter feed. Along the way, he met with the men and women responsible for it all. He ate breakfast at the Trump SoHo with self-proclaimed “internet supervillain” Milo Yiannopoulos; toured a rural Illinois junkyard with freelance Twitter propagandist Mike Cernovich; drank in a beer hall with white nationalist Mike Enoch; and shadowed histrionic far-right troll Lucian Wintrich during his first week as a White House press correspondent. Marantz also spent hundreds of hours talking to people who were ensnared in the cult of web-savvy white supremacy—and to a few who managed to get out. 

In the overtime to this week’s episode, Demetri shares stories from his time working at RT, including intimate details from his relationships and encounters with some of the characters discussed in Andrew’s book. The two also continue a conversation about gender and race, as well as the role of power in society. 

You can listen to the overtime, as well as gain access to the transcript and rundown to this week’s episode through the Hidden Forces Patreon Page. All subscribers also gain access to their very own overtime feed, which you can easily add to your favorite podcast applications like Apple Podcasts, Stitcher, Spotify, Overcast, Pandora, etc.

Producer & Host: Demetri Kofinas

Editor & Engineer: Stylianos Nicolaou

Subscribe & Support the Podcast at http://patreon.com/hiddenforces

Join the conversation on Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter at @hiddenforcespod

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网络极端主义 社交媒体 技术乌托邦 信息环境 民主
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