Hidden Forces feed 2024年07月17日
What Pre-WWII France Can Tell Us About America in 2023 | Jonathan Kirshner
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本期节目中,Demetri Kofinas 与波士顿学院政治学和国际研究教授 Jonathan Kirshner 对话。Kirshner 属于“古典现实主义”学派,强调不确定性的作用,并更认真地处理历史背景、不同国家的意识形态和观点、领导素质以及国民性格和和谐等细微差别。节目中,他们首先使用 Kirshner 在其最新著作《未写成的未来》中提出的分析框架,探讨了三个不同的历史冲突:伯罗奔尼撒战争、越南战争和 2003 年美国入侵伊拉克。这三场战争都给侵略国带来了毁灭性的后果。以伊拉克战争为例,这场冲突严重损害了公众对美国外交政策精英的能力、新闻媒体的信誉以及国家财政状况的认知和信任。

🤔 **古典现实主义视角:**Kirshner 属于“古典现实主义”学派,他认为国际关系中存在着深刻的不确定性,需要认真考虑历史背景、不同国家的意识形态和观点、领导素质以及国民性格和和谐等因素。他将这种分析框架应用于三个历史冲突:伯罗奔尼撒战争、越南战争和 2003 年美国入侵伊拉克,以解释侵略国最终遭受的失败。

⚔️ **历史的教训:**这三场战争都给侵略国带来了毁灭性的后果。节目中,他们探讨了这些战争带来的教训,例如伊拉克战争对美国外交政策精英、新闻媒体和国家财政状况的负面影响。

🇺🇸 **美国社会的分裂:**节目中,Demetri 和 Jonathan 将当代美国社会的分裂与第三共和国时期法国社会的分裂进行了对比。他们探讨了法国社会为何如此容易被操纵,以及从法国的经验中可以汲取哪些教训,以制定服务于国家利益的公共政策。

🤝 **国家利益至上:**Demetri 认为,为了治愈美国社会的分裂,需要将国家利益置于个人利益之上。他强调,解决社会问题需要团结一致,而不是进一步分化。

🌟 **节目主题:**本期节目旨在通过分析历史冲突,探讨美国社会的分裂现状,并呼吁将国家利益置于个人利益之上,以促进社会团结,治愈国家创伤。

In Episode 298 of Hidden Forces, Demetri Kofinas speaks with Professor of Political Science and International Studies at Boston College, Jonathan Kirshner. Dr. Kirshner belongs to the school of international relations known as “classical realism,” which places a unique emphasis on the role played by uncertainty and the need to grapple more seriously with the nuance of historical context, the governing ideologies and perspectives of different states, the quality of leadership, and the character and harmony of a nation’s people.

Demetri and Jonathan spend the first hour of their conversation applying the framework of analysis that Kirshner puts forward in his latest book “An Unwritten Future” toward three distinct historical conflicts: the Peloponnesian war, the war in Vietnam, and the 2003 US invasion of Iraq. All three of these wars had ruinous consequences for the aggressor state. In the case of the Iraq war, the conflict badly damaged public perceptions of (and trust in) the competency of America’s foreign policy elite, the credibility of its press, and the state of its finances.

The legacy of the Iraq war, as well as the prolonged occupation of Afghanistan and the consequences of the 2008 financial crisis, are the subjects of the episode’s second hour. In it, Demetri and Jonathan compare the divisions present within contemporary American society to those present within the Third French Republic in the years leading up to its stunning defeat and subsequent collaboration with Nazi Germany. What was it about French society that made it so susceptible to co-optation and what lessons can we draw from the French experience when devising public policy meant to serve the national interest?

The goal of today’s conversation is to help advance a framework that partially explains the divisions currently present in American society so that we can advocate more thoughtfully for solutions that heal our national wounds by bringing our citizens closer together rather than pushing each other further apart. Demetri believes strongly that this healing is necessary and that it will require putting the national interest ahead of our own more immediate material concerns.

You can subscribe to our premium content and gain access to our premium feed, episode transcripts, and Key Takeaway at HiddenForces.io/subscribe.

If you want to join in on the conversation and become a member of the Hidden Forces genius community, which includes Q&A calls with guests, access to special research and analysis, in-person events, and dinners, you can also do that on our subscriber page. If you still have questions, feel free to email info@hiddenforces.io, and Demetri or someone else from our team will get right back to you.

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Producer & Host: Demetri Kofinas

Editor & Engineer: Stylianos Nicolaou

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Episode Recorded on 02/13/2023

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历史 国际关系 古典现实主义 美国社会 国家利益
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