Astral Codex Ten Podcast feed 2024年07月17日
[Classic] You’re Probably Wondering Why I’ve Called You Here Today
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Slate Star Codex是一个博客,其作者Scott S Alexander提倡以慈善的态度对待荒谬的观点。他认为,与其直接否定他人观点,不如尝试理解他们为何会持这种观点,并从中吸取教训。这类似于切斯特顿的围栏理论:不要因为无法理解围栏的存在而拆除它,因为可能存在我们未曾了解到的原因。通过理解,我们可以更好地判断一个观点的正确性,甚至从错误的观点中找到可取之处。

🤔 **慈善与荒谬:**作者主张以慈善的态度对待荒谬的观点,即尝试理解他人观点背后的原因,而不是直接否定。他认为,这种慈善的态度有助于我们更好地理解他人,并从他们的错误中学习。

🚧 **切斯特顿的围栏理论:**作者将慈善态度比喻为切斯特顿的围栏理论,即不要因为无法理解围栏的存在而拆除它,因为可能存在我们未曾了解到的原因。他认为,这种理论同样适用于判断观点的正确性,不要因为无法理解一个观点而将其视为荒谬。

💎 **从错误中汲取智慧:**作者认为,即使一个观点完全错误,也可能包含一些值得学习的智慧。他建议通过“钢人化”的方法,将错误的观点转化为最接近的合理观点,并从中吸取教训。

⚖️ **公正与理性:**作者最后引用了亚伯拉罕·林肯的名言,强调了公正与理性的重要性,即“对任何人都没有恶意,对所有人都有慈善,坚定地站在上帝赋予我们看见的真理一边”。

Due to an oversight by the ancient Greeks, there is no Muse of blogging. Denied the ability to begin with a proper Invocation To The Muse, I will compensate with some relatively boring introductions.

The name of this blog is Slate Star Codex. It is almost an anagram of my own name, Scott S Alexander. It is unfortunately missing an “n”, because anagramming is hard. I have placed an extra “n” in the header image, to restore cosmic balance.

This blog does not have a subject, but it has an ethos. That ethos might be summed up as: charity over absurdity.

Absurdity is the natural human tendency to dismiss anything you disagree with as so stupid it doesn’t even deserve consideration. In fact, you are virtuous for not considering it, maybe even heroic! You’re refusing to dignify the evil peddlers of bunkum by acknowledging them as legitimate debate partners.

Charity is the ability to override that response. To assume that if you don’t understand how someone could possibly believe something as stupid as they do, that this is more likely a failure of understanding on your part than a failure of reason on theirs.

There are many things charity is not. Charity is not a fuzzy-headed caricature-pomo attempt to say no one can ever be sure they’re right or wrong about anything. Once you understand the reasons a belief is attractive to someone, you can go ahead and reject it as soundly as you want. Nor is it an obligation to spend time researching every crazy belief that might come your way. Time is valuable, and the less of it you waste on intellectual wild goose chases, the better.

It’s more like Chesterton’s Fence. G.K. Chesterton gave the example of a fence in the middle of nowhere. A traveller comes across it, thinks “I can’t think of any reason to have a fence out here, it sure was dumb to build one” and so takes it down. She is then gored by an angry bull who was being kept on the other side of the fence.

Chesterton’s point is that “I can’t think of any reason to have a fence out here” is the worst reason to remove a fence. Someone had a reason to put a fence up here, and if you can’t even imagine what it was, it probably means there’s something you’re missing about the situation and that you’re meddling in things you don’t understand. None of this precludes the traveller who knows that this was historically a cattle farming area but is now abandoned – ie the traveller who understands what’s going on – from taking down the fence.

As with fences, so with arguments. If you have no clue how someone could believe something, and so you decide it’s stupid, you are much like Chesterton’s traveler dismissing the fence (and philosophers, like travelers, are at high risk of stumbling across bull.)

I would go further and say that even when charity is uncalled-for, it is advantageous. The most effective way to learn any subject is to try to figure out exactly why a wrong position is wrong. And sometimes even a complete disaster of a theory will have a few salvageable pearls of wisdom that can’t be found anywhere else. The rationalist forum Less Wrong teaches the idea of steelmanning, rebuilding a stupid position into the nearest intelligent position and then seeing what you can learn from it.

So this is the ethos of this blog, and we proceed, as Abraham Lincoln put it, “with malice toward none, with charity for all, with firmness in the right as God gives us to see the right.”

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博客 慈善 荒谬 切斯特顿的围栏理论 钢人化
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