本期Hidden Forces播客邀请了哈佛大学乌克兰研究中心主任谢尔盖·普洛希教授，探讨了俄罗斯-乌克兰战争以及历史的回归。普洛希教授是乌克兰、俄罗斯和东欧问题方面的权威专家，他的最新著作探讨了这场战争对国际秩序的深远影响。本期节目探讨了民族认同、帝国解体以及二战以来欧洲最大陆地战争的后续发展，并分析了普京入侵乌克兰背后的动机，以及这场战争对欧洲安全和美国对华政策的影响。

🤔 **乌克兰战争与国际秩序的演变:** 乌克兰战争是二战以来欧洲最大的陆地战争，它对国际秩序的演变具有深远影响。这场战争不仅涉及乌克兰和俄罗斯之间的领土争端，也反映了欧洲安全格局的重塑和美国与俄罗斯、中国之间的战略博弈。战争的最终结果将决定未来国际秩序的走向，并对全球政治格局产生重大影响。

🤔 **普京入侵乌克兰的动机:** 关于普京入侵乌克兰的动机，存在多种解释。一些人认为普京的目标是重建一个“大俄罗斯”，而另一些人则认为莫斯科面临来自北约扩张的合法安全威胁。这场战争的本质是俄罗斯试图维护其在欧洲的地缘政治影响力，并阻止乌克兰与西方国家联盟。

🤔 **欧洲安全和美国对华政策:** 乌克兰战争对欧洲安全和美国对华政策产生了重大影响。这场战争表明，俄罗斯仍然是一个强大的军事力量，并愿意使用武力来维护其利益。美国和欧洲国家需要重新评估其对俄罗斯的政策，并加强对乌克兰的支持。此外，这场战争也对美国对华政策提出了挑战，美国需要在维护自身利益的同时，避免与中国发生冲突。

In Episode 311 of Hidden Forces, Demetri Kofinas speaks with Serhii Plokhy, the director of the Ukrainian Research Institute at Harvard University and a leading authority on Ukraine, Russia, and Eastern Europe. Plokhii has published extensively on the international history of World War II and the Cold War and he joins Demetri to discuss the subject of his latest book on the Russo-Ukrainian war and the return of history.

This is a conversation about national identity, the disintegration of empires, and what will follow from the largest European land war since WWII. How will the Ukraine war's outcome inform the evolution of the international order? And what are the most compelling theories that explain Putin’s decision to invade in the first place? Was it to build a ‘greater Russia’ as some of his detractors have claimed or did Moscow face legitimate security concerns from NATO enlargement that on their own can explain the course of events? The answer to this last question holds important lessons about the future of European security and US policy toward China, which is what Demetri and professor Plokhy spend part of the second hour discussing.

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Episode Recorded on 04/28/2023