The Jim Rutt Show 2024年07月17日
EP25 Gary Marcus on Rebooting AI
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人工智能专家加里·马库斯在与吉姆的对话中探讨了他最新著作《重塑人工智能》的核心内容,涵盖了人工智能的局限性、自动驾驶汽车的进展和安全问题、狭义人工智能的现状、模型构建、混合模型的潜力以及人工智能的未来等方面。

🤔 **人工智能的局限性:** 加里·马库斯认为,当前的人工智能存在着“可信度差距”、“虚假进步差距”和“鲁棒性差距”。他指出,人工智能在解决特定问题上取得了显著进展,但缺乏通用性和鲁棒性,容易受到数据偏差和环境变化的影响。例如,在自动驾驶汽车领域,人工智能系统在处理复杂交通场景时仍然面临挑战。

🤖 **混合模型的潜力:** 加里·马库斯认为,未来的AI发展方向应该是混合模型,将符号推理与深度学习相结合。他认为,深度学习擅长处理数据模式,而符号推理则擅长处理逻辑和抽象概念。通过将两者结合,人工智能可以更好地理解世界,解决更复杂的问题。

🧠 **人工智能的未来:** 加里·马库斯强调,人工智能的未来并不在于完全模仿人类智能,而是要构建可以与人类合作、解决问题的机器。他认为,人工智能应该成为人类的工具,而不是取代人类。

📊 **数据挖掘与人工智能的回声室:** 加里·马库斯指出,人工智能系统容易陷入“回声室”,即只接触到与自身观点一致的数据,从而导致偏见和错误。他强调,需要更多元化的数据和更严谨的算法,以避免人工智能系统陷入“回声室”。

Author & CEO Gary Marcus talks with Jim about his book, Rebooting AI, driverless cars, AI learning & intelligence, hybrid AI models & AI bias, and much more...Scientist, author & entrepreneur Gary Marcus talks with Jim about his latest book, Rebooting AI. In this wide-ranging conversation they cover the gullibility gap, the illusory progress gap, the robustness gap, driverless car progress & safety, how narrow AI is today, model building, the free-lunch theorem, nativism in animals & humans, how Jim’s experience with war games demonstrates the learning limitations of AI, Cyc & ConceptNet, symbolic algorithms, potential of graph neural nets, why Gary thinks hybrid models are the future of AI, challenges of evolutionary AI approaches, data mining & AI echo-chambers, AGI, and much more.Automated Episode TranscriptMentions & Recommendations Robust.AI What AI Can Learn From Romeo & Juliet NELL: Never-Ending Language Learning Solving Rubik’s Cube with a Robot Hand Ernest Davis Gary on Twitter Gary’s WebsiteGary Marcus is a scientist, best-selling author, and entrepreneur. He is Founder and CEO of Robust.AI, and was Founder and CEO of Geometric Intelligence, a machine learning company acquired by Uber in 2016. He is the author of five books, including The Algebraic Mind, Kluge, The Birth of the Mind, and The New York Times bestseller Guitar Zero, as well as editor of The Future of the Brain and The Norton Psychology Reader.He has published extensively in fields ranging from human and animal behavior to neuroscience, genetics, linguistics, evolutionary psychology, and artificial intelligence, often in leading journals such as Science and Nature, and is perhaps the youngest Professor Emeritus at NYU. His newest book, co-authored with Ernest Davis, Rebooting AI: Building Machines We Can Trust aims to shake up the field of artificial intelligence.

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人工智能 机器学习 深度学习 混合模型 自动驾驶
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