本期Huberman实验室期刊俱乐部邀请了彼得·阿蒂亚博士，他是一位专注于健康跨度和寿命的斯坦福大学和约翰·霍普金斯大学医学院毕业的医生，也是《驾驶》播客的主持人。他们讨论了两篇同行评审的科学论文，一篇关于日出时和白天暴露在明亮的光线下以及晚上暴露在黑暗中如何独立改善心理健康，并可以抵消抑郁症和焦虑症等心理健康障碍的一些主要症状。另一篇探讨了一种新型的免疫疗法来对抗癌症。他们还讨论了有关低热量甜味剂的一些新数据，以及它们是否安全。

☀️ **光照与黑暗对心理健康的影响：** 研究表明，日出时和白天暴露在明亮的光线下，以及晚上暴露在黑暗中，可以独立改善心理健康，并可以抵消抑郁症和焦虑症等心理健康障碍的一些主要症状。该研究表明，光照和黑暗模式对心理健康有显著影响。

🧪 **新型免疫疗法对抗癌症：** 文章探讨了一种新型的免疫疗法来对抗癌症，这种疗法通过激活T细胞来攻击癌细胞。研究表明，抗CTLA-4药物（伊匹利木单抗）在治疗黑色素瘤方面显示出积极的疗效，提高了患者的生存率和缓解率。该研究表明，免疫疗法在治疗癌症方面具有巨大的潜力。

🍭 **低热量甜味剂的安全性：** 该节目还讨论了有关低热量甜味剂的一些新数据，以及它们是否安全。虽然一些研究表明低热量甜味剂可能与健康问题有关，但目前还没有确凿的证据表明它们对人体有害。

🧬 **其他重要内容：** 本期节目还涵盖了其他重要内容，包括自然光循环、昼夜节律与心理健康的关系、T细胞激活、癌症和免疫系统逃避、免疫疗法与癌症治疗等。

🕰️ **时间戳：** 本期节目时间戳可帮助您快速找到感兴趣的主题。

In this journal club episode, my guest is Dr. Peter Attia, M.D., a Stanford and Johns Hopkins-trained physician focusing on healthspan and lifespan and the host of The Drive podcast.

We each present a peer-reviewed scientific paper chosen because it contains novel, interesting, and actionable data. First, we discuss a paper on how bright light exposure at sunrise and throughout the day and dark exposure at night independently improve mental health and can offset some of the major symptoms of mental health disorders such as depression and anxiety. Then, we discuss an article that explores a novel class of immunotherapy treatments to combat cancer. We also discuss some of the new data on low-calorie sweeteners and if they are safe. This episode should be of interest to listeners curious about maximizing their vitality and longevity and to anyone seeking science-supported ways to improve mental health and lifespan.

For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com.

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Timestamps

(00:00:00) Dr. Peter Attia, Journal Club

(00:02:40) Sponsors: Eight Sleep, BetterHelp & Joovv

(00:07:14) Light, Dark & Mental Health; Retina

(00:11:16) Outdoor vs. Indoor Light, Cataracts, Sunglasses

(00:16:17) Tools: Sunrise & Sunsets, Circadian Rhythm; Midday Light

(00:24:55) Tools: Night & Light Exposure; Waking Before Sunrise

(00:31:05) Article #1, Light/Dark Exposure & Mental Health

(00:36:50) Sponsor: AG1

(00:38:18) Odds Ratio, Hazard Ratio

(00:45:43) Night vs. Daylight Exposure, Mental Health Disorders

(00:51:35) Major Depression & Light Exposure; Error Bars & Significance

(00:59:15) Sponsor: LMNT

(01:00:39) Prescriptions; Environmental & Artificial Light; Red Lights

(01:08:14) Nighttime Light Exposure; Sleep Trackers & Belief Effects

(01:13:54) Light Directionality, Phone, Night

(01:17:21) Light Wavelengths & Sensors; Sunglasses

(01:20:58) Hawthorne Effect, Reverse Causality, Genetics

(01:26:26) Artificial Sweeteners, Appetite

(01:31:16) Natural Light Cycles, Circadian Rhythm & Mental Health

(01:39:53) Article #2, Immune System & Cancer

(01:43:18) T-Cell Activation; Viruses

(01:50:41) Autoimmunity; Cancer & Immune System Evasion

(02:00:09) Checkpoint Inhibitors, CTLA-4

(02:06:45) Anti-CTLA-4 Study Drug (Ipilimumab), Melanoma

(02:12:07) Patient Population, Randomization, GP100

(02:18:09) Response Rate

(02:22:52) Overall Survival & Response

(02:28:38) Median Survival vs. Overall Survival, Drug Development

(02:35:45) Gender & Dose

(02:40:32) Adverse Events; Autoimmunity

(02:46:42) Pancreatic Cancer; Aging & Immune System Health

(02:53:57) Melanoma; Lynch Syndrome, Keytruda

(02:58:43) Immunotherapy & Cancer Treatment; Melanoma Risk

(03:06:26) Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Sponsors, Momentous, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter

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