Huberman Lab 2024年07月16日
How Placebo Effects Work to Change Our Biology & Psychology
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本期节目讨论了安慰剂效应、信念和心态的影响,这些因素对我们的生理和心理产生强大而真实的作用。节目深入解析了信念和期望如何通过物质干预导致大脑和身体功能的真实变化,安慰剂如何改变神经递质和激素释放,以及如何影响疼痛水平、应激反应的益害等。同时,还解释了安慰剂效应如何与传统药物或行为治疗相结合,以改善健康结果,以及为何有些人更容易受到安慰剂效应的影响。

🧠 安慰剂效应通过改变大脑和身体功能,展示了信念和期望的力量。研究表明,即使是无效的治疗,如果患者坚信其有效,也能产生实际的生理变化。

🔬 安慰剂可以影响神经递质和激素的释放,进而改变疼痛感知、应激反应等。例如,在帕金森病患者中,安慰剂可以模拟多巴胺的效果,改善症状。

🏥 安慰剂效应并非孤立存在,它可以与传统治疗相结合,增强治疗效果。在某些情况下,安慰剂效应甚至可以超越药物本身的效果。

🧬 个体差异和遗传因素会影响安慰剂效应的强弱。有些人对安慰剂反应强烈,而有些人则几乎无反应。

🧩 信念效应与食物、运动和心态紧密相关。例如,相信某种食物具有特殊的健康益处,可能会让人感受到实际的健康改善。

In this episode, I discuss placebo and belief and mindset effects — all of which exert a powerful and real influence on our biology and psychology. I discuss how your beliefs and expectation that a certain outcome will occur after taking a substance (or any intervention cause genuine changes in brain and bodily function. I discuss how placebos can change neurotransmitter and hormone release, pain levels, whether the stress response is beneficial or detrimental and more. I also explain how placebo effects can work with traditional drug or behavioral treatments to help improve health outcomes and why some people are more susceptible to placebo effects. By the end of the episode, listeners will understand the placebo effect, how it works, and how beliefs and mindsets can be leveraged toward mental health, physical health, and performance goals. 

For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com.

Thank you to our sponsors

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Timestamps

(00:00:00) Placebo Effects

(00:02:40) Sponsors: Eight Sleep, AeroPress & Levels

(00:07:24) Placebo, Nocebo vs. Belief Effect, Prefrontal Cortex

(00:14:03) Dopamine, Placebo & Parkinson’s Disease; Placebo Controls

(00:21:36) Hormone Release & Placebo Effect, Paired Associations

(00:28:52) Conditioning Effect & Insulin; Pavlovian Response

(00:32:50) Sponsor: AG1

(00:34:17) Context & Expectations; Placebo Effect & Brain

(00:40:51) Cancer, Mind-Body Practices; Placebo Effects & Limits

(00:44:54) Asthma, Specificity & Placebo Effects

(00:48:01) Sponsor: InsideTracker

(00:49:03) Nicotine & Dose-Dependent Placebo Effects

(00:55:31) Placebo Effects vs. Belief Effects, Food & Mindset

(01:01:02) Exercise & Belief Effects

(01:04:08) Placebo Effect, Brain & Stress Response

(01:11:18) Individual Variation, Genetics & Placebo Effect

(01:16:11) Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Sponsors, Momentous, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter

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安慰剂效应 信念心态 生理心理
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