本期节目邀请了神经外科医生、斯坦福大学医学院神经科学、神经外科和神经病学教授加里·斯坦伯格博士，探讨脑健康和脑损伤，包括脑震荡、外伤性脑损伤（TBI）、中风、动脉瘤和短暂性脑缺血发作（TIA）。我们讨论了脑健康的关键和鲜为人知的风险因素，并解释了某些治疗和药物如何改善脑健康和认知功能。我们还涵盖了改善脑震荡和脑损伤后康复的新机制，包括使用干细胞、温度（轻度低温）和迷走神经刺激。斯坦伯格博士还描述了神经外科和微创脑增强的新进展。

🧠 **脑健康风险因素：** 除了常见风险因素（如吸烟、高胆固醇、高血压）外，斯坦伯格博士强调了其他可能导致中风和脑损伤的风险因素，包括： * **药物：** 某些药物，如可卡因和安非他明，会增加中风和脑损伤的风险。 * **酒精：**过度饮酒会导致脑损伤，尤其是对于年轻人和青少年。 * **颈部调整：** 颈部调整可能会导致动脉阻塞，从而导致中风。 * **倒立床：** 倒立床可能会对大脑造成负面影响，因为它会增加颅内压。 了解这些风险因素对于预防脑损伤和中风至关重要。

🤕 **脑损伤康复：** 斯坦伯格博士讨论了脑损伤后康复的新方法，包括： * **干细胞疗法：** 干细胞疗法显示出改善中风康复的潜力，通过替换受损的神经细胞和促进神经再生。 * **轻度低温：** 在脑损伤后，轻度低温（降低体温）可以帮助保护脑组织免受进一步损伤。 * **迷走神经刺激：** 迷走神经刺激可以提高神经可塑性，促进脑损伤后的恢复。 这些方法为脑损伤患者提供了新的希望，可以改善他们的康复进程。

🧠 **神经外科的最新进展：** 斯坦伯格博士介绍了神经外科的最新进展，包括： * **微创技术：** 微创技术允许医生通过更小的切口进行手术，减少手术风险和恢复时间。 * **脑增强：** 新技术正在开发中，可以增强大脑功能，例如记忆和认知能力。 这些进展为治疗脑部疾病和改善大脑功能提供了新的途径。

🧠 **脑健康建议：** * 保持健康的生活方式，包括健康的饮食、规律锻炼和充足的睡眠。 * 管理压力和焦虑。 * 定期进行体检，并注意任何潜在的脑部疾病的症状。 * 了解脑健康的风险因素，并采取措施降低风险。 通过采取这些措施，我们可以保护自己的脑健康，并降低患脑损伤和中风的风险。

🧠 **脑健康资源：** * 斯坦福大学神经科学研究所：https://med.stanford.edu/neurology/index.html * 美国心脏协会：https://www.heart.org/ * 美国中风协会：https://www.stroke.org/

In this episode, my guest is Dr. Gary Steinberg, MD, PhD, a neurosurgeon and a professor of neurosciences, neurosurgery, and neurology at Stanford University School of Medicine. We discuss brain health and brain injuries, including concussion, traumatic brain injury (TBI), stroke, aneurysm, and transient ischemic attacks (TIA). We discuss key and lesser-known risk factors for brain health and explain how certain treatments and medications can improve brain health and cognitive function.

We also cover novel mechanisms to improve recovery after concussions and brain injury, including the use of stem cells, temperature (mild hypothermia), and vagus nerve stimulation. Dr. Steinberg also describes new advances in neurosurgery and minimally invasive brain augmentation.

This episode ought to be of interest to anyone seeking actionable tools to improve their brain health and for those seeking to improve recovery after a brain injury such as concussion, stroke, aneurysm, or TBI.

For show notes, including referenced articles and additional resources, please visit hubermanlab.com.

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Timestamps

00:00:00 Dr. Gary Steinberg

00:01:44 Sponsors: Eight Sleep, ROKA & AeroPress; Subscribe on YouTube, Spotify & Apple

00:06:16 Stroke, Hemorrhage & Blood Clot

00:10:25 Blood Clots & Risk Factors, Medications, Smoking, Cholesterol

00:16:19 Heart & Brain Health; Neurosurgery & Brain Function

00:23:27 Current Technology & Neurosurgery, Minimally Invasive Techniques

00:28:13 Transient Ischemic Attacks (TIA); Spinal Cord Strokes

00:33:23 Stroke Risk: Alcohol, Cocaine & Other Drugs

00:38:24 Sponsor: AG1

00:39:55 Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI), Concussion: Sports, Testing & Recovery

00:46:45 Statins; TBI & Aspirin; Caffeine & Stroke Risk

00:48:31 Exploratory MRI: Benefits & Risks

00:51:53 Blood Pressure, Lifestyle Factors; Tool: Feeling Faint, Hydration; Sleep

00:59:52 Sponsor: LMNT

01:01:27 Chiropractic Neck Adjustment & Arterial Obstruction; Inversion Tables

01:05:16 Kids, Tackle Football, Soccer, Boxing; Mild Concussion

01:10:49 Nerve Regeneration, Stem Cells, Stroke Recovery

01:17:36 Stem Cells, Immune System, Activity

01:21:27 Injury & Recovery, Restraint Therapy

01:23:46 Neuroprotection After Injury; Mild Hypothermia

01:34:59 Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP), Stem Cell Therapy

01:42:27 Scientific Advancements & Clinical Translation, FDA & Industry

01:47:40 Vagal Stimulation

01:53:17 Zero-Cost Support, Spotify & Apple Reviews, YouTube Feedback, Social Media, Neural Network Newsletter

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