来源:雪球App,作者: 王冠亚,(https://xueqiu.com/4525540121/297462231)
巴菲特致股东的信原文精读Day402:
原文:Restricted earnings are seldom valueless to owners, but they often must be discounted heavily. In effect, they are conscripted by the business, no matter how poor its economic potential. (This retention-no-matter-how-unattractive-the-return situation was communicated unwittingly in a marvelously ironic way by Consolidated Edison a decade ago. At the time, a punitive regulatory policy was a major factor causing the company’s stock to sell as low as one-fourth of book value; i.e., every time a dollar of earnings was retained for reinvestment in the business, that dollar was transformed into only 25 cents of market value. But, despite this gold-into-lead process, most earnings were reinvested in the business rather than paid to owners. Meanwhile, at construction and maintenance sites throughout New York, signs proudly proclaimed the corporate slogan, “Dig We Must”.)(1984)
释义:1.“conscripted”意为“被征召”;
2.“retention”意为“保留”;“unwittingly”意为“无意地”;“marvelously”意为“不可思议地”;“ironic”意为“讽刺的”;
3.“punitive”意为“惩罚性的”。
精译:对股东们来说,限制性利润也并非毫无价值,但通常必须打个很大的折扣。实际上,有些企业无论经济潜力有多差,限制性利润必须被保留。(十年前,爱迪生联合公司以一种非常讽刺的方式,无意中展示了这种低回报的利润保留。当时,一项惩罚性的监管政策导致爱迪生联合公司的股价低至其账面价值的四分之一;也就是说,每一美元的留存收益用于再投资时,只能转化为25美分的市值。尽管是“黄金变废铁”,但公司还是保留了绝大部分的利润,而不是分红给股东。与此同时,在纽约各处建筑工地上,公司自豪地打出了自己的口号:“我们必须挖下去”。)(1984年)
心得:巴菲特引用的案例旨在说明:尽管每一美元的保留利润,只能创造25美分的市值,爱迪生联合公司依然只能保留那些限制性利润,以保证它的工地能正常开工。这些限制性利润是财务报表上体现的净利润,却不是真实的自由现金流。我们估值的依据,不是报表净利润,而是自由现金流。
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