New Yorker 10小时前
Why We Should Take the Perfectionism Problem Seriously
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文章探讨了完美主义的负面影响,指出它并非追求卓越的积极品质,而是认为必须完美才能被接受或获得爱。这种心态与饮食失调、抑郁、焦虑甚至自杀高度相关,并对身体健康造成实际损害,如溃疡和高血压。作者通过与作家莱斯利·贾米森的对话,深入了解了完美主义的根源及其在日常生活中,尤其是在育儿中的体现。文章鼓励读者拥抱“混乱、不完美”的自我,将错误视为成长的机会,而非危机。

💯 完美主义并非积极追求卓越,而是源于“必须完美才能被接受或被爱”的深层信念,这种信念具有极大的破坏性,与多种心理和生理疾病密切相关。

💔 完美主义对身心健康的负面影响是真实且可衡量的,研究表明其与饮食失调、抑郁、慢性焦虑、自杀倾向,甚至溃疡、高血压等生理疾病的发生有着密切联系。

👩‍👧‍👦 完美主义的根源可能隐藏在日常互动中,例如对他人善意批评的过度防御,这反映了一种将爱视为“大石头”,每一次犯错都会被“敲掉一块”的内在观念。

🌱 应对完美主义的关键在于教育下一代将错误视为成长的机会而非灾难,并帮助孩子理解犯错并不会让他们成为“糟糕的人”。

💡 鼓励读者审视自己是否存在将“混乱、不完美”的自我拒之门外的行为,并认识到何时成为了自我设限的“门卫”,从而接纳真实的自我。

Striving to be perfect can have some serious consequences. Leslie Jamison reports on the ways that perfectionism can literally make us sick. And making sense of the redistricting chaos in Texas. Plus:

Israelis are starting to talk about famine in Gaza
Are Trump’s immigration policies becoming unpopular?
King Princess finds her sound

Caroline Mimbs Nyce
Newsletter editor

Right now, I am writing this newsletter in the hope that you love it. And, up until the moment I send it, I will be worried that something will be slightly off, or factually incorrect, or just poorly worded, and I’ll have proven myself to be bad at my job and totally irredeemable and I’ll be shipped off to live on a farm or something.

I am, in short, being a perfectionist. And that’s not the golden personality trait one might believe it to be. In the latest issue of the magazine, the writer and essayist Leslie Jamison reports on the many negative health effects of perfectionism. It can make us literally sick, she warns; striving constantly, and obsessively, to get every single thing right can inhibit us professionally (never finishing that Ph.D. dissertation because it’s not good enough) and personally (feeling unloved every time we make an error). We are, some psychologists believe, living through an epidemic of perfectionism. In a recent Gallup poll, one in three American teen-agers reported feeling pressure to be perfect.

I caught up with Jamison over e-mail to discuss what she learned during her reporting process—and how it’s changed her life. Our conversation has been condensed and edited for clarity.

Perfectionism is often written off as a faux issue: as you say in the story, it’s the kind of thing people use as a “humblebrag” in job interviews. Why should we take it seriously?

Perfectionism often gets misunderstood as an unstoppable striving for excellence, a quality that many of us would love to (half-heartedly) lament. But, really, perfectionism is far more painful—the conviction that you need to be perfect in order to be acceptable or loved. It can be really destructive; it’s highly correlated with eating disorders, depression, chronic anxiety, and suicide. The toll of perfectionism on physical health is real and measurable. It’s linked to ulcers, hypertension, arthritis, and a whole host of other conditions.

Why did you decide to write about it?

I’ve got a soft spot for suffering that gets dismissed: cutters “just doing it for the attention,” hypochondriacs, etc. I feel an urge to investigate the kinds of pain that other people want to write off as manipulative or inauthentic. I want to be the vigilante scribe of misunderstood pathologies! So many perfectionists don’t exactly present as “underdogs,” and their suffering—as you said—can be hard to take seriously.

Are you a perfectionist?

It’s funny, reporting this piece made me realize that I’m not a perfectionist in the ways I might have thought, but that I am a perfectionist in ways I hadn’t realized. I don’t drive myself crazy thinking that a book or an essay has to be perfect—I know they won’t be. (Anyone lucky enough to work with a New Yorker fact checker knows that every writer makes mistakes!)

But my perfectionism shows up in other ways: I can get really upset if a friend or partner makes a small, legitimate criticism, like, “Why did you leave the air-conditioner running for hours in a room you weren’t in?” I’ll get really panicked and ashamed and defensive. Writing this piece illuminated some of where that panic comes from—this internalized idea that love is like a big boulder, and a little bit gets chipped away every time you make a mistake.

Did reporting on perfectionism change how you approach your everyday life, or how you think about your place in the world?

Yes! Most deeply in the day-to-day realities of parenting. My daughter is seven, and now I think more intentionally about how to help her see mistakes as opportunities rather than crises, and how to help her not feel like a terrible person when she’s done something wrong.

I felt such a relief reading this piece. What do you hope readers take away from it?

One of the psychologists I interviewed talks about how important it is for perfectionist patients to let their “messy, imperfect selves” into the room during therapy—and I think that’s the invitation I’d like readers to take away from the piece. Can we notice the ways we are trying to keep our imperfect selves out of the room? When do I become a bouncer at the night club of myself?

Read the story »


Editor’s Pick

Israelis Are Starting to Talk About Famine in Gaza

Until a couple weeks ago, the Israeli media had maintained that there was no hunger crisis in Gaza. Then the rhetoric at a few mainstream outlets started to shift. Why now? “Growing public disillusionment about the war’s stated goals of defeating Hamas and releasing the hostages has made it possible to speak out,” Ruth Margalit writes, in a new report from Israel. Still, ceasefire talks have collapsed, and it’s unclear whether an end to the war is any nearer. Read the story »

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How Bad Is It?

Democratic lawmakers in Texas fled the state over the weekend to prevent a vote on a bill that would redraw the state’s congressional maps. The proposal would likely allow Republicans to pick up five seats in next year’s midterm elections. The situation has sparked a national debate about gerrymandering, and leaders in Democratic-majority states, including New York and California, are suggesting that they might explore redrawing their own congressional maps.

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完美主义 心理健康 自我接纳 身心健康 成长
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