Fortune | FORTUNE 前天 22:03
Trump calls India ‘our friend’ but slaps 25% tariff down plus additional ‘penalty’ because it’s buying oil from Russia
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美国总统特朗普宣布将对印度商品征收25%的关税,并因印度购买俄罗斯石油而加征额外进口税。特朗普认为印度的贸易关税过高,并指出印度从俄罗斯购买军备和石油的行为助长了乌克兰战争。此举是美国调整对多国关税政策的一部分,旨在促进美国商品出口、增加国内就业并抵消减税带来的财政赤字。尽管关税策略可能重塑贸易格局,但经济学家普遍担忧此举将导致美国经济增长放缓和通胀压力上升。美国去年与印度的商品贸易逆差达458亿美元。印度作为人口大国,在地缘政治上是中国的潜在制衡力量,且与俄罗斯关系密切,未支持西方对俄制裁。此前,特朗普曾表示印度将开始购买美国石油和天然气,但贸易协议细节尚未最终敲定。

🇺🇸 关税调整与地缘政治考量:美国总统特朗普宣布将对印度商品征收25%的关税,并因印度购买俄罗斯石油而加征额外税费。此举旨在回应印度过高的贸易关税,并对印度支持俄罗斯的行为进行“惩罚”,这反映了美国在调整全球贸易关系的同时,也将其外交政策与国家安全利益相结合,尤其是在俄乌冲突的背景下。

📈 经济影响与预期:此项关税政策是美国更广泛贸易策略的一部分,旨在为美国商品打开市场并增加国内就业。然而,大多数经济学家预测,此举可能导致美国经济增长放缓和通货膨胀加剧,因为关税成本可能转嫁给国内企业和消费者。美国去年与印度的贸易逆差高达458亿美元,显示出两国间存在显著的贸易不平衡。

🤝 印俄关系与美印互动:印度与俄罗斯保持着紧密关系,并且未对俄罗斯在乌克兰的行动实施西方制裁。尽管美国将印度视为“朋友”,但其与俄罗斯的经济往来,特别是在能源和军事领域的合作,已成为美方施加关税压力的重要原因。此前,两国在能源贸易方面的潜在合作(印度购买美国石油和天然气)也曾被提及,但具体贸易协议仍未完全敲定。

🌏 印度在地缘政治中的角色:印度是世界上人口最多的国家之一,被视为制衡中国的潜在地缘政治力量。印度在中立于西方对俄制裁的立场,以及其与俄罗斯的传统友好关系,使其在地缘政治格局中扮演着复杂的角色。美国对印度的贸易政策调整,也可能与其对地区力量平衡的考量有关。

President Donald Trump said Wednesday that he’ll impose a 25% tariff on goods from India, plus an additional import tax because of India’s purchasing of Russian oil.

Trump said on his Truth Social platform that India “is our friend” but its “Tariffs are far too high” on U.S. goods.

The Republican president added that India buys military equipment and oil from Russia, which he said has enabled the war in Ukraine. As a result, he intends to charge an additional “penalty” starting on Friday as part of the launch of his administration’s revised tariffs on multiple countries.

The announcement comes after a slew of negotiated trade frameworks with the European Union, Japan, the Philippines and Indonesia — all of which Trump said would open markets for American goods while enabling the U.S. to raise tax rates on imports. The president views tariff revenues as a way to help offset the budget deficit increases tied to his recent income tax cuts and generate more domestic factory jobs.

While Trump has effectively wielded tariffs as a cudgel to reset the terms of trade, the economic impact is uncertain as most economists expect a slowdown in U.S. growth and greater inflationary pressures as the costs of the taxes are passed along to domestic businesses and consumers.

The Census Bureau reported that the U.S. ran a $45.8 trade imbalance in goods with India last year, meaning it imported more than it exported.

At a population exceeding 1.4 billion people, India is the world’s largest country and a possible geopolitical counterbalance to China. India and Russia have close relations, and New Delhi has not supported Western sanctions on Moscow over its war in Ukraine.

When Trump in February met with Indian Prime Minister Narendra Modi, the U.S. president said that India would start buying American oil and natural gas.

Trump discussed his policies on trade and tariffs with reporters accompanying him Tuesday on the flight home following a five-day visit to Scotland. He declined to comment then when asked about reports that India was bracing for a U.S. tariff rate of at least 25%, saying, “We’re going to see.”

Trump also said the outlines of a trade agreement with India had not yet been finalized.

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特朗普 印度 关税 俄罗斯石油 贸易政策
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