Bankrate最新研究揭示了美国退休宜居州的排名。与传统观念不同，佛罗里达、亚利桑那和德克萨斯等热门南部州并未进入前十。研究综合考量了可负担性、天气、医疗保健和社区安全等因素，并对这些因素进行了不同权重的评估。可负担性是影响最大的因素，而天气、社区安全和医疗保健紧随其后。结果显示，东北部各州在安全性和医疗保健方面表现突出，成为退休人士的理想选择。研究鼓励退休人士在选择居住地时，全面考虑各项因素，而非仅仅局限于气候。

💰 **可负担性是首要考量**：Bankrate的研究将可负担性作为评估退休宜居州的最重要因素。尽管传统观念认为阳光充足的南部州更受欢迎，但高昂的住房成本和保险费用，例如佛罗里达州面临的飓风风险和高额房屋保险，使其在整体排名中并不占优势。例如，佛罗里达州因天气因素（如自然灾害和高保险成本）排名靠后，即使其税收政策有利，也未能弥补这一劣势。

☀️ **天气因素影响大，但并非唯一**：天气在排名中占据第二重要地位，但并非所有以温暖天气著称的州都名列前茅。研究发现，东北部地区虽然天气不如南部温暖，但其在社区安全和医疗保健方面的优势显著。例如，马萨诸塞州、佛蒙特州和缅因州在医疗保健方面得分很高，这对于老年人口尤其重要，也推升了这些州在排名中的位置。

🏥 **医疗保健与社区安全成为关键加分项**：除了可负担性，医疗保健和社区安全的重要性也不容忽视。东北部各州，如新罕布什尔、缅因和佛蒙特，在医疗保健和社区安全方面的排名普遍较高。例如，新罕布什尔在社区安全和医疗保健方面均位列前茅，使其成为退休人士的首选州之一。这表明，随着人口老龄化，优质的医疗服务和安全的生活环境对于退休人士的吸引力日益增加。

📊 **排名颠覆传统认知**：Bankrate的研究结果与普遍的退休选择趋势形成鲜明对比。诸如佛罗里达、亚利桑那和德克萨斯等传统上被认为是退休热门的州，在此次排名中均落入后半部分。相反，排名靠前的州多位于东北部，如新罕布什尔、缅因和佛蒙特，这为正在规划退休生活的个人提供了新的视角，鼓励他们更全面地评估居住地的各项指标。

🏡 **综合考量是关键**：研究强调，退休人士在选择居住地时，应综合考虑可负担性、天气、医疗保健、社区安全以及当地税收等多种因素。虽然佛罗里达等州在吸引退休人士方面拥有成熟的基础设施，但其他因素的重要性正在上升。因此，了解并纳入这些关键因素进行自我评估，对于做出最适合自己的退休决策至关重要。

A Bankrate study ranked the top states to retire to in the U.S., and the South was nowhere to be found.Affordability, weather, and healthcare were key factors in Bankrate's rankings.The Northeast was strongly represented in the top 10.

In order to enjoy your retirement, it's important to know where you can live your best life.

But while conventional wisdom might suggest heading to retiree-heavy communities in warm-weather states like Florida and Texas, a study from Bankrate suggests some less sunny states offer retirees a sunnier future.

Bankrate broke down the best states for retirees based on categories like affordability, weather, and healthcare. By their calculation, Florida is nowhere near the top 10 — and neither are many Southern states known for their warmer weather and plentiful retirement communities.

It's important to note that each of the categories were weighted differently. But while weather has the second-highest influence in rankings behind affordability, Florida actually ranks low for weather, and its positive tax ranking wasn't enough to pull it up from the bottom.

Affordability is the most-weighted category by far, while weather, neighborhood safety, and healthcare are closely weighted together as second-, third-, and fourth-most important.

Bankrate financial analyst Stephen Kates explained that natural disasters and rising home-insurance costs played a large role in Florida's exclusion from the top 10.

"All states along the Gulf have propensity to get hurricanes, which pushed those states far down the rankings," Kates told Business Insider.

"Florida's high home-insurance costs are very, very relevant for retirees who may not have a mortgage, but that's a really high fixed cost for them," he added.

Florida and other seemingly retirement-friendly states like Arizona and Texas all ended up in the bottom half of the list. Meanwhile, nearly half of the states in the top 10 are located in the Northeast, and all of them are north of the Sun Belt.

Bankrate's estimates found that Northeastern states are generally safer and have better healthcare than Southern states.

"When you think of retirement states, we all think of warmer weather states," Kates said. "But when you think about it, Massachusetts has unbelievable healthcare — so does Vermont, and Maine does as well. In terms of age, it's an older population certainly up there. Those are things that really boosted them."

Kates noted that states like Florida and Arizona have more infrastructure in place to welcome retirees, so an exodus of Boomers is unlikely. And while affordability is still the name of the game, other factors have become more important.

"The heart of this study is people should consider all of these things," Kates said. "They should know enough about what state they're going to go to. That these are factors that they're understanding and including in their own assessment."

Here are the 10 best U.S. states for retirees, according to Bankrate. Median home-sale prices are from Redfin.com.