Fortune | FORTUNE 07月24日 04:18
Trump’s ‘AI Action Plan’ ditches Biden guardrails, ‘red tape,’ wants chatbots to cut out their liberal bias
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美国总统特朗普近日公布了一项旨在提升美国在人工智能领域全球主导地位的全面计划。该计划提议放松环境法规,以加速AI超级计算机的建设,并鼓励美国本土AI技术的国内外销售。此举采纳了许多来自科技行业游说者和曾支持特朗普竞选的硅谷投资者的建议。计划的核心包括加速AI技术出口、简化能源密集型数据中心的建设流程,并致力于解决科技界对AI聊天机器人中“自由派偏见”的担忧,要求AI系统必须客观且不受意识形态偏见影响,同时呼吁摒弃提及“虚假信息、多元化、公平和包容性以及气候变化”等内容。

🚀 **推动AI全球主导地位与监管放松**:特朗普政府推出了“AI行动计划”,旨在通过减少环境法规来加速AI超级计算机的建设,并促进美国AI技术的国内外销售,以确立其在全球AI领域的领导地位。该计划呼吁取消可能阻碍AI在各行业和政府部门应用的“繁文缛节”。

⚖️ **解决AI意识形态偏见与言论自由**:计划特别关注解决科技界对AI聊天机器人(如ChatGPT)存在的“自由派偏见”的担忧,并提出政府在与科技公司签约时,应确保其AI系统“客观且不受自上而下的意识形态偏见影响”。同时,要求国家领先的AI模型保护言论自由,并“植根于美国价值观”。

⚡ **加速数据中心建设与能源需求**:为了支持AI的快速发展,该计划提议简化数据中心建设的许可流程,并放宽环境监管,包括清洁空气和水法案,以加速数据中心和配套能源设施的建设。这与特朗普此前推动利用国内能源(包括天然气、煤炭和核能)的政策相呼应,尽管这可能加剧对化石燃料的需求和全球变暖。

🏛️ **联邦与州AI监管协调**:计划包含一项旨在阻止各州过度监管AI技术的策略,建议联邦机构在做出资金决策时考虑各州的AI监管环境,并对可能阻碍资金效益的州进行限制。这反映了特朗普政府此前试图在国会推动一项为期10年禁止各州通过AI法律的提案。

🗣️ **行业内部分歧与社会担忧**:尽管部分科技界人士(如部分风险投资家)主张“加速主义”以最小化监管促进AI发展,但也有人(如Sacks)提倡“技术现实主义”。此外,超过100个社会团体(包括工会、环保组织等)签署了一份反对该计划的决议,呼吁制定“人民AI行动计划”,优先考虑公众利益,并对“大科技”可能将自身利益置于公众福祉之上的担忧表示警惕。

President Donald Trump has unveiled a sweeping new plan for America’s “global dominance” in artificial intelligence, proposing to cut back environmental regulations to speed up the construction of AI supercomputers while promoting the sale of U.S.-made AI technologies at home and abroad.

The “AI Action Plan” introduced Wednesday embraces many of the ideas voiced by tech industry lobbyists and the Silicon Valley investors who backed Trump’s election campaign last year.

The White House on Wednesday revealed the “AI Action Plan” Trump ordered after returning to the White House in January. Trump gave his tech advisers six months to come up with new AI policies after revoking President Joe Biden’s signature AI guardrails on his first day in office.

The unveiling is co-hosted by the bipartisan Hill and Valley Forum and the “All-In” podcast, a business and technology show hosted by four tech investors and entrepreneurs, which includes Trump’s AI czar, David Sacks.

The plan includes some familiar tech lobby pitches. That includes accelerating the sale of AI technology abroad and making it easier to construct the energy-hungry data center buildings that are needed to form and run AI products. It also includes some of the AI culture war preoccupations of the circle of venture capitalists who endorsed Trump last year.

Trump’s AI plan: global dominance, cutting regulations

The plan prioritizes AI innovation and adoption, urging the removal of any “red tape” that could be slowing down adoption across industries and government.

But it also seeks to guide the industry’s growth to address a longtime rallying point for the tech industry’s loudest Trump backers: countering the liberal bias they see in AI chatbots such as ChatGPT or Google’s Gemini.

Trump’s plan seeks to block the government from contracting with tech companies unless they “ensure that their systems are objective and free from top-down ideological bias.” A Biden-era framework for evaluating the riskiest AI applications should also be stripped of any references to “misinformation, Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion, and climate change,” the plan said.

The plan also says the nation’s leading AI models should protect free speech and be “founded on American values,” though it doesn’t define which values those should include.

Sacks, a former PayPal executive and now Trump’s top AI adviser, has been criticizing “woke AI” for more than a year, fueled by Google’s February 2024 rollout of an AI image generator that, when asked to show an American Founding Father, created pictures of Black, Asian and Native American men.

Google quickly fixed its tool, but the “Black George Washington” moment remained a parable for the problem of AI’s perceived political bias, taken up by X owner Elon Musk, venture capitalist Marc Andreessen, Vice President JD Vance and Republican lawmakers.

Streamlining AI data center permits to speed up supercomputer construction

The plan aims to speed up permitting and loosen environmental regulation to accelerate construction on new data centers and factories and the power sources to fuel them. It condemns “radical climate dogma” and recommends lifting a number of environmental restrictions, including clean air and water laws.

Trump has previously paired AI’s need for huge amounts of electricity with his own push to tap into U.S. energy sources, including gas, coal and nuclear.

Many tech giants are already well on their way toward building new data centers in the U.S. and around the world. OpenAI announced this week that it has switched on the first phase of a massive data center complex in Abilene, Texas, part of an Oracle-backed project known as Stargate that Trump promoted earlier this year. Amazon, Microsoft, Meta and xAI also have major projects underway.

The tech industry has pushed for easier permitting rules to get its computing facilities connected to power, but the AI building boom has also contributed to spiking demand for fossil fuel production, which will contribute to global warming.

United Nations Secretary-General Antonio Guterres on Tuesday called on the world’s major tech firms to power data centers completely with renewables by 2030.

“A typical AI data center eats up as much electricity as 100,000 homes,” Guterres said. “By 2030, data centers could consume as much electricity as all of Japan does today.”

The plan includes a strategy to disincentivize states from aggressively regulating AI technology. It recommends that federal agencies “consider a state’s AI regulatory climate when making funding decisions and limit funding if the state’s AI regulatory regimes may hinder the effectiveness of that funding or award.”

Trump’s Republican administration had supported a different proposal in Congress to block states from passing any AI laws for 10 years, but the Senate defeated it earlier this month.

Who benefits from Trump’s AI action plan?

There are sharp debates on how to regulate AI, even among the influential venture capitalists who have been debating it on their favorite medium: the podcast.

While some Trump backers, particularly Andreessen, have advocated an “accelerationist” approach that aims to speed up AI advancement with minimal regulation, Sacks has described himself as taking a middle road of techno-realism.

“Technology is going to happen. Trying to stop it is like ordering the tides to stop. If we don’t do it, somebody else will,” Sacks said on the “All-In” podcast.

On Tuesday, more than 100 groups, including labor unions, parent groups, environmental justice organizations and privacy advocates, signed a resolution opposing Trump’s embrace of industry-driven AI policy and calling for a “People’s AI Action Plan” that would “deliver first and foremost for the American people.”

Amba Kak, co-executive director of the AI Now Institute, which helped lead the effort, said the coalition expects Trump’s plan to come “straight from Big Tech’s mouth.”

“Every time we say, ‘What about our jobs, our air, water, our children?’ they’re going to say, ‘But what about China?’” she said in a call with reporters Tuesday. She said Americans should reject the White House’s argument that the industry is overregulated and fight to preserve “baseline protections for the public” as AI technology advances.

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