Fortune | FORTUNE 07月19日 20:45
Elon Musk’s brain implant startup Neuralink called itself a “small disadvantaged business” to the federal government
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尽管由世界首富埃隆·马斯克控股,Neuralink公司却向美国联邦政府申请了“小型弱势企业”的特殊身份。该身份旨在扶持社会或经济上处于弱势的群体,并要求企业主净资产低于85万美元(不含房产)。然而,马斯克个人高达3640亿美元的净资产,以及Neuralink公司近90亿美元的估值,显然不符合这一资格要求。虽然尚无证据表明Neuralink因此获得联邦政府的合同,但此类行为可能涉及虚假申报,过往案例显示,虚报者曾面临法律制裁。

💡 Neuralink公司,尽管由埃隆·马斯克拥有且估值高达90亿美元,却向联邦政府申报为“小型弱势企业”。这一举动引发了对其资格的质疑,因为该身份通常授予净资产低于85万美元(不含房产)且属于社会或经济弱势群体的企业主。

⚖️ “小型弱势企业”的认定标准旨在帮助那些因资本和信贷机会受限而影响竞争能力的企业。SBA(小企业管理局)对“经济弱势个人”的定义明确排除了净资产超过85万美元的个体,这与马斯克的个人财富形成了鲜明对比。

📜 联邦政府设立“小型弱势企业”计划旨在促进就业和减少历史不平等,并要求每年将至少5%的合同奖励给此类企业。尽管Neuralink的申报动机不明,且未有证据显示其已获得相关合同,但此举可能触及法律红线。

⚠️ 过去,美国司法部门曾严厉打击虚报政府合同资格的行为。例如,一名假冒“服务残疾退伍军人拥有的小型企业”骗取国防部合同的业主,最终被判处欺诈罪,并面临罚款、赔偿和监禁。

❓ 尽管Neuralink的股权结构不对外公开,但其作为一家私人公司,申报“小型弱势企业”的动机和行为引发了关于企业责任和政府项目滥用的讨论,尤其是在马斯克本人曾公开批评政府多样性、公平性和包容性(DEI)计划的背景下。

    Elon Musk’s Neuralink may have been recently valued at a reported $9 billion, but that did not stop the company from claiming a special designation as a “small disadvantaged business” with the government. The self-designation is meant for companies majority-owned by someone belonging to a socially or economically disadvantaged group and can only be granted to business owners with a net worth of less than $850,000, excluding home equity.

Despite being owned by the richest man in the world, Elon Musk’s brain implant startup Neuralink identified itself as a “small disadvantaged business” with the federal government.

While Musk’s DOGE was busy purging government diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) programs, his company was claiming a special designation meant for companies that are “unconditionally and directly” majority-owned by someone belonging to a socially or economically disadvantaged group, MuskWatch first reported. The designation also requires that the owners of such companies be “economically disadvantaged individuals.” 

The company’s profile on the Small Business Administration website currently lists Neuralink as a “Self-Certified Small Disadvantaged Business.”

Neuralink and the Small Business Administration did not immediately respond to Fortune’s request for comment.

The SBA defines “economically disadvantaged individuals” as “socially disadvantaged individuals whose ability to compete in the free enterprise system has been impaired due to diminished capital and credit opportunities as compared to others in the same or similar line of business who are not socially disadvantaged.” Any person with a net worth of more than $850,000, not including their home equity, also does not qualify.

Although as a private company, Neuralink’s ownership structure is not publicly available, Musk’s $364 billion net worth would clearly disqualify Neuralink from consideration for the SDB designation. In June, Neuralink also announced $650 million in fresh funding that reportedly valued the company at $9 billion, according to Semafor.

The federal government has since 1988 granted contracts to small disadvantaged businesses in an effort to spur job creation and reduce historical inequities. Under the Business Opportunity Development Reform Act of 1988, Congress declared “not less than 5 percent of the total value of all prime contract and subcontract awards for each fiscal year,” be awarded to small disadvantaged businesses. 

There is no evidence Neuralink received any disbursements from the federal government under this designation. 

Still, the Justice Department has previously sought to prosecute those who claimed false special designations with the government. In 2023, the owner of an investment properties company falsely claimed to be a “service-disabled veteran owned small business” in SAM, the official website for companies conducting business with the federal government.

The owner, who never served in the military, used the designation to claim two Department of Defense contracts worth more than $1.9 million. He later pleaded guilty to wire fraud and was forced to pay $72,000 in restitution and a $10,000 fine, and serve 15 months in prison.

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Neuralink 埃隆·马斯克 小型弱势企业 政府合同 企业合规
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