We're moving closer and closer to the Full Moon, and tonight the moon is more than half lit. This is due to where we are in the current lunar cycle.
The lunar cycle is a recurring series of eight unique phases of the moon's visibility. The whole cycle takes about 29.5 days (according to NASA), and these different phases happen as the Sun lights up different parts of the moon whilst it orbits Earth. The moon is always there, but what we see on Earth changes depending on how much is lit up.
See what's happening with the moon tonight, July 4.
What is today’s moon phase?
As of Friday, July 4, the moon phase is Waxing Gibbous. According to NASA's Daily Moon Observation, 66% of the moon will be lit up and visible to us on Earth. This is also day nine of the lunar cycle.
Tonight, there is plenty to see with the naked eye, the most notable being the Mare Vaporum, Mare Fecunditatis, and the Tycho crater.
If you have binoculars, you'll also spot the Endymion Crater, the Clavius Craters, and the Alps Mountains/Alpine Valley
With a telescope, you'll see even more tonight, with the Apollo 17 and Apollo 11 landing spots becoming visible. You'll also be able to spot the Rupes Altai.
When is the next full moon?
This month's full moon will take place on July 10. The last full moon was on June 11.
What are moon phases?
Moon phases are caused by the 29.5-day cycle of the moon’s orbit, which changes the angles between the Sun, Moon, and Earth. Moon phases are how the moon looks from Earth as it goes around us. We always see the same side of the moon, but how much of it is lit up by the Sun changes depending on where it is in its orbit. This is how we get full moons, half moons, and moons that appear completely invisible. There are eight main moon phases, and they follow a repeating cycle:
New Moon - The moon is between Earth and the sun, so the side we see is dark (in other words, it's invisible to the eye).
Waxing Crescent - A small sliver of light appears on the right side (Northern Hemisphere).
First Quarter - Half of the moon is lit on the right side. It looks like a half-moon.
Waxing Gibbous - More than half is lit up, but it’s not quite full yet.
Full Moon - The whole face of the moon is illuminated and fully visible.
Waning Gibbous - The moon starts losing light on the right side.
Last Quarter (or Third Quarter) - Another half-moon, but now the left side is lit.
Waning Crescent - A thin sliver of light remains on the left side before going dark again.
