本期播客由眼科医生Steven Dell主讲，深入探讨了眼睛的解剖结构、视力变化、常见视力问题及矫正方法。节目涵盖了从眼睛的基本构造到各种视力问题的成因，如近视、老花眼、白内障等，并详细介绍了激光手术、角膜磨损等治疗手段。此外，节目还强调了保护眼睛健康的重要性，包括如何预防视力下降，以及在儿童中日益严重的近视问题。Steven Dell医生分享了关于眼睛健康的实用建议，例如如何通过眼科检查了解代谢性疾病，以及屏幕使用时间对眼睛的影响等。

👁️ 眼睛的解剖结构与功能：Steven Dell医生详细讲解了眼睛的解剖结构和功能机制，以及它们与常见视力问题的关系。例如，眼睛的结构如何影响我们看到的世界，以及不同结构出现问题时可能导致的视力变化。

👓 常见视力问题与年龄相关的视力变化：节目探讨了多种视力问题，包括近视、远视、散光、老花眼和白内障。此外，还解释了随着年龄增长，视力如何发生变化，以及这些变化的原因。

💡 视力矫正手术与治疗方法：Steven Dell医生深入介绍了各种视力矫正手术，如激光眼科手术（PRK、LASIK、SMILE），以及其他治疗方法，如眼药水和隐形眼镜等。节目也讨论了这些手术的原理、适用人群和潜在风险。

🧒 儿童近视的预防与保护：节目特别关注了儿童近视问题，探讨了近视的成因、儿童近视的预防策略。此外，还提供了保护眼睛健康的实用建议，例如使用太阳镜、控制屏幕使用时间等。

🩺 眼睛健康的其他方面：除了视力问题和矫正方法，节目还讨论了眼睛健康的多个方面，如眼睛外伤的影响、干眼症的治疗、青光眼等。此外，Steven Dell医生还提到，眼科检查可以帮助发现潜在的代谢性疾病。

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Episode Description:

Steven Dell is an ophthalmologist, current Medical Director of Dell Laser Consultants, and a leader in refractive eye surgery with over 20 patents to his name. In this episode, Steven explains the anatomy and functional mechanics of the eye and how they relate to common variations in vision. He discusses changes in vision that occur with aging, the fundamentals of different types of vision loss, and provides an in-depth look into the various treatments and procedures available for corrective eye surgery. Additionally, Steven explains how one might protect the eyes and prevent vision loss—a topic particularly important for children in light of the epidemic of myopia. 

We discuss:

• Why Steven chose ophthalmology, and the crossovers to other medical disciplines [3:45];
• Anatomy of the eye, common types of vision loss, and age-related vision changes [14:15];
• Eye drops that can potentially improve vision [27:30];
• The explanation for different eye colors [33:15];
• Physiology of the eye and its connections to the brain [34:45];
• Understanding human vision through an evolutionary lens [41:00];
• Enhancing vision beyond 20/20 [47:00];
• Astigmatism: definition, cause, and high prevalence [51:30];
• Nearsightedness (myopia): causes, epidemic in children, and prevention strategies [54:15];
• Cataracts: impact of aging and how they can be repaired [1:05:00];
• Lens implants that can correct and improve vision [1:19:30];
• Effects of eye trauma [1:26:45];
• Corneal abrasion from ‘dry eye’: causes, treatment, and prevention strategies [1:29:00];
• Sunglasses for eye protection [1:35:00];
• Solutions to correct nearsightedness [1:42:00];
• Laser eye surgery—photorefractive keratectomy (PRK) [1:45:45];
• Laser eye surgery—LASIK [2:02:00];
• Laser eye surgery—small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) [2:11:45];
• Glaucoma: definition, causes, symptoms, and care [2:13:45];
• Tips for preserving eye health [2:20:00];
• Screen time and eye health [2:24:15];
• Contact lenses: good hygiene and considerations [2:27:45];
• A bonus benefit from repairing cataracts [2:29:00];
• Questions about corrective eye surgery [2:31:30];
• How an eye exam can be a window into metabolic illness [2:33:45]; and
• More.

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