在Hidden Forces的第421集中，Demetri Kofinas与工业政策专家Ian Fletcher探讨了自由贸易的问题以及如何重振美国经济。Ian和Demetri首先批判了自由市场经济，并系统地探讨了构建关键产业和激发创新所需的工具，这些对现代经济的长期成功至关重要。随后，他们分析了工业政策在国际和历史上的成功与失败案例，总结经验教训，为21世纪的美国制定成功的工业政策提供参考。最后，讨论了对白宫和国会的政策建议。

💡 Ian Fletcher和Demetri Kofinas在节目中首先批判了自由市场经济的不足，为讨论工业政策奠定了基础。他们认为，传统的自由市场经济模式可能未能充分支持关键产业的发展和创新。

🛠️ 节目深入探讨了可以用来构建关键产业和激发创新的工具。这些工具对于推动经济增长和保持长期竞争力至关重要，包括但不限于政府补贴、税收优惠、贸易保护等。

🌍 讨论了国际上工业政策的成功与失败案例。通过分析不同国家和地区的经验，节目旨在为美国制定更有效的工业政策提供借鉴，避免重蹈覆辙。

📜 节目最后提出了对白宫和国会的政策建议。这些建议基于对自由市场经济的批判、对工业政策的理解，以及对历史案例的分析，旨在指导政策制定，促进美国经济的复兴。

In Episode 421 of Hidden Forces, Demetri Kofinas speaks with Ian Fletcher, one of America’s foremost experts on industrial policy, about the problems with free trade and how to revitalize the U.S. economy.

Ian and Demetri spend the first hour of the episode laying the foundation for the argument Fletcher and his co-author, Marc Fasteau, present in their book Industrial Policy for the United States: Winning the Competition for Good Jobs and High-Value Industries. This portion includes a comprehensive critique of free-market economics and a systematic exploration of the tools that can be deployed to build critical industries and ignite flywheels of innovation essential to the long-term success of a modern economy.

In the second hour, Kofinas and Fletcher examine international and historical examples of both successful and unsuccessful implementations of industrial policy, discussing what went right, what went wrong, and how those lessons can inform the development and implementation of a successful industrial policy for the United States in the 21st century. The conversation concludes with a series of policy recommendations for the White House and Congress.

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Episode Recorded on 06/2/2025