MarkTechPost@AI 05月07日 12:40
A Step-by-Step Guide to Implement Intelligent Request Routing with Claude
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本文介绍了如何利用Anthropic的Claude模型构建一个智能路由系统,旨在提高响应效率和质量。该系统通过自动分类用户请求,并将它们导向专门的处理程序,从而优化客户服务流程。文章详细阐述了系统的构建步骤,包括安装必要的Python包、设置Anthropic API认证、创建客户查询数据集、定义核心路由函数以及处理不同类别的查询。此外,还介绍了如何评估系统的性能,并展示了模拟结果。

📦 **安装与配置**: 介绍了构建智能路由系统所需的Python包,包括anthropic、pandas和scikit-learn,并详细说明了如何设置Anthropic API的认证。

🤖 **核心路由功能**: 阐述了如何使用Claude 3.7 Sonnet模型将客户查询分类到预定义的类别中,包括“一般问题”、“退款请求”和“技术支持”,并展示了路由函数的工作原理。

⚙️ **专业处理程序**: 详细定义了三个针对不同查询类别的专业处理函数,每个函数都使用Claude 3.7 Sonnet模型,并针对特定类别设计了系统提示,以提供更精确和个性化的响应。

⏱️ **性能评估与结果**: 通过模拟结果和实际数据,评估了智能路由系统的性能,包括路由准确率和分类报告,展示了该系统在实际应用中的效果。

This article demonstrates how to build an intelligent routing system powered by Anthropic’s Claude models. This system improves response efficiency and quality by automatically classifying user requests and directing them to specialised handlers. The workflow analyses incoming queries, determines their intent, and routes them to appropriate processing pipelines—whether for customer support, technical assistance, or other domain-specific responses.

Step 1:  Install the required Python packages

!pip install anthropic pandas scikit-learn

Step 2:  Import the necessary libraries for the project

import osimport jsonimport timeimport pandas as pdimport numpy as npfrom anthropic import Anthropicfrom IPython.display import display, Markdownfrom sklearn.metrics import classification_report

Step 3: Set up the Anthropic API authentication by defining your API key and initialising the Anthropic client

ANTHROPIC_API_KEY = "{Your API KEY}"client = Anthropic(api_key=ANTHROPIC_API_KEY)

Step 4: Create a sample dataset of customer queries with associated categories for training and testing the routing system.

customer_queries = [   {"id": 1, "query": "What are your business hours?", "category": "General Question"},   {"id": 2, "query": "How do I reset my password?", "category": "Technical Support"},   {"id": 3, "query": "I want a refund for my purchase.", "category": "Refund Request"},   {"id": 4, "query": "Where can I find your privacy policy?", "category": "General Question"},   {"id": 5, "query": "The app keeps crashing when I try to upload photos.", "category": "Technical Support"},   {"id": 6, "query": "I ordered the wrong size, can I get my money back?", "category": "Refund Request"},   {"id": 7, "query": "Do you ship internationally?", "category": "General Question"},   {"id": 8, "query": "My account is showing incorrect information.", "category": "Technical Support"},   {"id": 9, "query": "I was charged twice for my order.", "category": "Refund Request"},   {"id": 10, "query": "What payment methods do you accept?", "category": "General Question"}]

Step 5: Convert the customer queries list into a pandas DataFrame for easier manipulation and analysis. Then, display the DataFrame in the notebook to visualise the training dataset structure.

df = pd.DataFrame(customer_queries)display(df)

Step 6: Define the core routing function that uses Claude 3.7 Sonnet to classify customer queries into predefined categories.

def route_query(query, client):   """   Route a customer query to the appropriate category using Claude 3.5 Haiku.     Args:       query (str): The customer query to classify       client: Anthropic client     Returns:       str: The classified category   """   system_prompt = """   You are a query classifier for a customer service system.   Your job is to categorize customer queries into exactly one of these categories:   1. General Question - Basic inquiries about the company, products, policies, etc.   2. Refund Request - Any query related to refunds, returns, or billing issues   3. Technical Support - Questions about technical problems, bugs, or how to use products     Respond with ONLY the category name, nothing else.   """     try:       response = client.messages.create(           model="claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219",           max_tokens=1024,           system=system_prompt,           messages=[{"role": "user", "content": query}]       )             category = response.content[0].text.strip()             valid_categories = ["General Question", "Refund Request", "Technical Support"]       for valid_cat in valid_categories:           if valid_cat.lower() in category.lower():               return valid_cat             return "General Question"     except Exception as e:       print(f"Error in routing: {e}")       return "General Question"

Step 7: Define three specialised handler functions for each query category, each using Claude 3.5 Sonnet with a category-specific system prompt.

def handle_general_question(query, client):   """Handle general inquiries using Claude 3.5 Haiku."""   system_prompt = """   You are a customer service representative answering general questions about our company.   Be helpful, concise, and friendly. Provide direct answers to customer queries.   """     try:       response = client.messages.create(           model="claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219",           max_tokens=1024,           system=system_prompt,           messages=[{"role": "user", "content": query}]       )       return response.content[0].text.strip()   except Exception as e:       print(f"Error in general question handler: {e}")       return "I apologize, but I'm having trouble processing your request. Please try again later."
def handle_refund_request(query, client):   """Handle refund requests using Claude 3.5 Sonnet for more nuanced responses."""   system_prompt = """   You are a customer service representative specializing in refunds and billing issues.   Respond to refund requests professionally and helpfully.   For any refund request, explain the refund policy clearly and provide next steps.   Be empathetic but follow company policy.   """     try:       response = client.messages.create(           model="claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219",           max_tokens=1024,           system=system_prompt,           messages=[{"role": "user", "content": query}]       )       return response.content[0].text.strip()   except Exception as e:       print(f"Error in refund request handler: {e}")       return "I apologize, but I'm having trouble processing your refund request. Please contact our support team directly."
def handle_technical_support(query, client):   """Handle technical support queries using Claude 3.5 Sonnet for more detailed technical responses."""   system_prompt = """   You are a technical support specialist.   Provide clear, step-by-step solutions to technical problems.   If you need more information to resolve an issue, specify what information you need.   Prioritize simple solutions first before suggesting complex troubleshooting.   """     try:       response = client.messages.create(          model="claude-3-7-sonnet-20250219",           max_tokens=1024,           system=system_prompt,           messages=[{"role": "user", "content": query}]       )       return response.content[0].text.strip()   except Exception as e:       print(f"Error in technical support handler: {e}")       return "I apologize, but I'm having trouble processing your technical support request. Please try our knowledge base or contact our support team."

Step 8: Create the main workflow function that orchestrates the entire routing process. This function first classifies a query, tracks timing metrics, directs it to the appropriate specialised handler based on category, and returns a comprehensive results dictionary with performance statistics.

def process_customer_query(query, client):   """   Process a customer query through the complete routing workflow.     Args:       query (str): The customer query       client: Anthropic client     Returns:       dict: Information about the query processing, including category and response   """   start_time = time.time()   category = route_query(query, client)   routing_time = time.time() - start_time     start_time = time.time()   if category == "General Question":       response = handle_general_question(query, client)       model_used = "claude-3-5-haiku-20240307"   elif category == "Refund Request":       response = handle_refund_request(query, client)       model_used = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"   elif category == "Technical Support":       response = handle_technical_support(query, client)       model_used = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"   else:       response = handle_general_question(query, client)        model_used = "claude-3-5-haiku-20240307"     handling_time = time.time() - start_time   total_time = routing_time + handling_time     return {       "query": query,       "routed_category": category,       "response": response,       "model_used": model_used,       "routing_time": routing_time,       "handling_time": handling_time,       "total_time": total_time   }

Step 9: Process each query in the sample dataset through the routing workflow, collect the results with actual vs. predicted categories, and evaluate the system’s performance.

results = []for _, row in df.iterrows():   query = row['query']   result = process_customer_query(query, client)   result["actual_category"] = row['category']   results.append(result)results_df = pd.DataFrame(results)display(results_df[["query", "actual_category", "routed_category", "model_used", "total_time"]])accuracy = (results_df["actual_category"] == results_df["routed_category"]).mean()print(f"Routing Accuracy: {accuracy:.2%}")from sklearn.metrics import classification_reportprint(classification_report(results_df["actual_category"], results_df["routed_category"]))

Step 10: Simulated results.

simulated_results = []for _, row in df.iterrows():   query = row['query']   actual_category = row['category']     if "hours" in query.lower() or "policy" in query.lower() or "ship" in query.lower() or "payment" in query.lower():       routed_category = "General Question"       model_used = "claude-3-5-haiku-20240307"   elif "refund" in query.lower() or "money back" in query.lower() or "charged" in query.lower():       routed_category = "Refund Request"       model_used = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"   else:       routed_category = "Technical Support"       model_used = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"     simulated_results.append({       "query": query,       "actual_category": actual_category,       "routed_category": routed_category,       "model_used": model_used,       "routing_time": np.random.uniform(0.2, 0.5),       "handling_time": np.random.uniform(0.5, 2.0)   })simulated_df = pd.DataFrame(simulated_results)simulated_df["total_time"] = simulated_df["routing_time"] + simulated_df["handling_time"]display(simulated_df[["query", "actual_category", "routed_category", "model_used", "total_time"]])
Output

Step 11: Calculate and display the accuracy of the simulated routing system by comparing predicted categories with actual categories.

accuracy = (simulated_df["actual_category"] == simulated_df["routed_category"]).mean()print(f"Simulated Routing Accuracy: {accuracy:.2%}")print(classification_report(simulated_df["actual_category"], simulated_df["routed_category"]))

Step 12: Create an interactive demo interface using IPython widgets.

from IPython.display import HTML, display, clear_outputfrom ipywidgets import widgetsdef create_demo_interface():   query_input = widgets.Textarea(       value='',       placeholder='Enter your customer service query here...',       description='Query:',       disabled=False,       layout=widgets.Layout(width='80%', height='100px')   )     output = widgets.Output()     button = widgets.Button(       description='Process Query',       disabled=False,       button_style='primary',       tooltip='Click to process the query',       icon='check'   )     def on_button_clicked(b):       with output:           clear_output()           query = query_input.value                     if not query.strip():               print("Please enter a query.")               return                     if "hours" in query.lower() or "policy" in query.lower() or "ship" in query.lower() or "payment" in query.lower():               category = "General Question"               model = "claude-3-5-haiku-20240307"               response = "Our standard business hours are Monday through Friday, 9 AM to 6 PM Eastern Time. Our customer service team is available during these hours to assist you."           elif "refund" in query.lower() or "money back" in query.lower() or "charged" in query.lower():               category = "Refund Request"               model = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"               response = "I understand you're looking for a refund. Our refund policy allows returns within 30 days of purchase with a valid receipt. To initiate your refund, please provide your order number and the reason for the return."           else:               category = "Technical Support"               model = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"               response = "I'm sorry to hear you're experiencing technical issues. Let's troubleshoot this step by step. First, try restarting the application. If that doesn't work, please check if the app is updated to the latest version."                     print(f"Routed to: {category}")           print(f"Using model: {model}")           print("\nResponse:")           print(response)     button.on_click(on_button_clicked)     return widgets.VBox([query_input, button, output])
Output

Step 13: Implement an advanced routing function that not only classifies queries but also provides confidence scores and reasoning for each classification.

def advanced_route_query(query, client):   """   An advanced routing function that includes confidence scores and fallback mechanisms.     Args:       query (str): The customer query to classify       client: Anthropic client     Returns:       dict: Classification result with category and confidence   """   system_prompt = """   You are a query classifier for a customer service system.   Your job is to categorize customer queries into exactly one of these categories:   1. General Question - Basic inquiries about the company, products, policies, etc.   2. Refund Request - Any query related to refunds, returns, or billing issues   3. Technical Support - Questions about technical problems, bugs, or how to use products     Respond in JSON format with:   1. "category": The most likely category   2. "confidence": A confidence score between 0 and 1   3. "reasoning": A brief explanation of your classification     Example response:   {       "category": "General Question",       "confidence": 0.85,       "reasoning": "The query asks about business hours, which is basic company information."   }   """     try:       response = client.messages.create(           model="claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620",            max_tokens=150,           system=system_prompt,           messages=[{"role": "user", "content": query}]       )             response_text = response.content[0].text.strip()       try:           result = json.loads(response_text)           if "category" not in result or "confidence" not in result:               raise ValueError("Incomplete classification result")                         return result       except json.JSONDecodeError:           print("Failed to parse JSON response. Using simple classification.")           if "general" in response_text.lower():               return {"category": "General Question", "confidence": 0.6, "reasoning": "Fallback classification"}           elif "refund" in response_text.lower():               return {"category": "Refund Request", "confidence": 0.6, "reasoning": "Fallback classification"}           else:               return {"category": "Technical Support", "confidence": 0.6, "reasoning": "Fallback classification"}     except Exception as e:       print(f"Error in advanced routing: {e}")       return {"category": "General Question", "confidence": 0.3, "reasoning": "Error fallback"}

Step 14: Create an enhanced query processing workflow with confidence-based routing that escalates low-confidence queries to specialised handling, incorporating simulated classification for demonstration purposes.

def advanced_process_customer_query(query, client, confidence_threshold=0.7):   """   Process a customer query with confidence-based routing.     Args:       query (str): The customer query       client: Anthropic client       confidence_threshold (float): Minimum confidence score for automated routing     Returns:       dict: Information about the query processing   """   start_time = time.time()       if "hours" in query.lower() or "policy" in query.lower() or "ship" in query.lower() or "payment" in query.lower():       classification = {           "category": "General Question",           "confidence": np.random.uniform(0.7, 0.95),           "reasoning": "Query related to business information"       }   elif "refund" in query.lower() or "money back" in query.lower() or "charged" in query.lower():       classification = {           "category": "Refund Request",           "confidence": np.random.uniform(0.7, 0.95),           "reasoning": "Query mentions refunds or billing issues"       }   elif "password" in query.lower() or "crash" in query.lower() or "account" in query.lower():       classification = {           "category": "Technical Support",           "confidence": np.random.uniform(0.7, 0.95),           "reasoning": "Query mentions technical problems"       }   else:       categories = ["General Question", "Refund Request", "Technical Support"]       classification = {           "category": np.random.choice(categories),           "confidence": np.random.uniform(0.4, 0.65),           "reasoning": "Uncertain classification"       }     routing_time = time.time() - start_time     start_time = time.time()     if classification["confidence"] >= confidence_threshold:       category = classification["category"]       if category == "General Question":           response = "SIMULATED GENERAL QUESTION RESPONSE: I'd be happy to help with your question about our business."           model_used = "claude-3-5-haiku-20240307"       elif category == "Refund Request":           response = "SIMULATED REFUND REQUEST RESPONSE: I understand you're looking for a refund. Let me help you with that process."           model_used = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"       elif category == "Technical Support":           response = "SIMULATED TECHNICAL SUPPORT RESPONSE: I see you're having a technical issue. Let's troubleshoot this together."           model_used = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"       else:           response = "I apologize, but I'm not sure how to categorize your request."           model_used = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"   else:       response = "SIMULATED ESCALATION RESPONSE: Your query requires special attention. I'll have our advanced support system help you with this complex request."       model_used = "claude-3-5-sonnet-20240620"       category = "Escalated (Low Confidence)"     handling_time = time.time() - start_time   total_time = routing_time + handling_time     return {       "query": query,       "routed_category": classification["category"],       "confidence": classification["confidence"],       "reasoning": classification["reasoning"],       "final_category": category,       "response": response,       "model_used": model_used,       "routing_time": routing_time,       "handling_time": handling_time,       "total_time": total_time   }

Step 15: Test the advanced routing system with diverse sample queries.

test_queries = [   "What are your business hours?",   "I need a refund for my order #12345",   "My app keeps crashing when I try to save photos",   "I received the wrong item in my shipment",   "How do I change my shipping address?",   "I'm not sure if my payment went through",   "The product description was misleading"]advanced_results = []for query in test_queries:   result = advanced_process_customer_query(query, None, 0.7)   advanced_results.append(result)advanced_df = pd.DataFrame(advanced_results)display(advanced_df[["query", "routed_category", "confidence", "final_category", "model_used"]])print("\nRouting Distribution:")print(advanced_df["final_category"].value_counts())print(f"\nAverage Confidence: {advanced_df['confidence'].mean():.2f}")escalated = (advanced_df["final_category"] == "Escalated (Low Confidence)").sum()print(f"Escalated Queries: {escalated} ({escalated/len(advanced_df):.1%})")
Output

Step 16: Define a utility function to calculate key performance metrics for the routing system, including processing times, confidence levels, escalation rates, and category distribution statistics.

def calculate_routing_metrics(results_df):   """   Calculate key metrics for routing performance.     Args:       results_df (DataFrame): Results of routing tests     Returns:       dict: Key performance metrics   """   metrics = {       "total_queries": len(results_df),       "avg_routing_time": results_df["routing_time"].mean(),       "avg_handling_time": results_df["handling_time"].mean(),       "avg_total_time": results_df["total_time"].mean(),       "avg_confidence": results_df["confidence"].mean(),       "escalation_rate": (results_df["final_category"] == "Escalated (Low Confidence)").mean(),   }     category_distribution = results_df["routed_category"].value_counts(normalize=True).to_dict()   metrics["category_distribution"] = category_distribution     return metrics

Step 17: Generate and display a comprehensive performance report for the routing system.

metrics = calculate_routing_metrics(advanced_df)print("Routing System Performance Metrics:")print(f"Total Queries: {metrics['total_queries']}")print(f"Average Routing Time: {metrics['avg_routing_time']:.3f} seconds")print(f"Average Handling Time: {metrics['avg_handling_time']:.3f} seconds")print(f"Average Total Time: {metrics['avg_total_time']:.3f} seconds")print(f"Average Confidence: {metrics['avg_confidence']:.2f}")print(f"Escalation Rate: {metrics['escalation_rate']:.1%}")print("\nCategory Distribution:")for category, percentage in metrics["category_distribution"].items():   print(f"  {category}: {percentage:.1%}")
Output 

This intelligent request routing system demonstrates how Claude models can efficiently classify and handle diverse customer queries. By implementing category-specific handlers with appropriate model selection, the system delivers tailored responses while maintaining high accuracy. The confidence-based routing with escalation paths ensures complex queries receive specialised attention, creating a robust, scalable customer service solution.


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