TMTPOST -- MagicBot, a Chinese company specializing in embodied intelligent robots, has successfully developed its first-generation self-researched dexterous hand, the MagicHand S01. The product boasts 11 degrees of freedom, a hand load capacity of up to 5 kilograms, and a maximum operational load exceeding 20 kilograms in specific work scenarios.
Dexterous hands are a crucial component of humanoid robots, as they enable the robot to perform a variety of intricate tasks. A real human hand has 21 degrees of freedom, and 27 when including wrist joint movements. However, robot dexterous hands are often designed to simplify their functions for specific scenarios. Their performance and cost are determined by three key components: actuators, transmission systems, and sensing devices.
MagicBot opted to develop its own dexterous hands for two primary reasons. First, self-research helps the company reduce the cost of humanoid robots, making mass production more feasible. Second, it enhances the compatibility and adaptability of the entire robot.
To illustrate, Tesla’s third-generation dexterous hand integrates the actuator directly into the arm, mimicking human anatomy for seamless coordination between the hand and the body. In contrast, MagicBot chose a more modular approach. Their dexterous hand is designed to be interchangeable based on the robot’s specific application needs. For example, the hand can be swapped out for different tools like grippers, clamps, or other attachments, which improves the robot’s versatility.
From a technical standpoint, the MagicHand S01 can support a maximum dual-arm load of 20 kilograms in various work environments, making it suitable for tasks such as transportation, assembly, and inspection. Additionally, the MagicHand S01 is equipped with motors that offer higher torque and features a reinforced load-bearing structure. MagicBot has also utilized integrated die-casting technology to enhance the structural strength of the hand. For non-load-bearing components, lightweight designs have been implemented to strike a balance between weight and performance while enhancing load capacity.
Currently, all core components of the MagicHand S01, including the miniature electric push rod, multi-turn absolute encoder, six-axis motor driver, high-sensitivity multi-point tactile sensors, and the dexterous hand controller, have been independently developed by MagicBot. To ensure high flexibility, load capacity, and reliability, MagicBot incorporated margin designs into these core components. For example, the miniature electric push rod in the MagicHand S01 features a 30% thrust margin, which improves load capacity and extends the lifespan of the components.
The design and development of dexterous hands pose significant challenges for humanoid robots, and only a few companies—such as Tesla, Figure AI, and MagicBot—are currently pursuing independent research and development in this field.
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