TechCrunch News 2024年11月11日
It’s the Senate’s last chance to pass the PRESS Act
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美国众议院已一致通过PRESS Act,旨在保护记者免受政府强制披露消息来源的压力。该法案旨在为全美记者提供全国性保护,防止他们被强迫泄露机密消息来源(紧急情况除外),并限制政府秘密获取记者信息的行为。该法案的推动背景是近年来美国政府滥用权力,例如特朗普政府司法部秘密获取CNN、纽约时报和华盛顿邮报记者的电话记录。该法案将为包括独立记者在内的所有记者提供保护,保障公众知情权,促进新闻自由。

🤔 **PRESS Act旨在保护记者的机密消息来源:**该法案旨在为全美记者提供全国性保护,防止他们被强迫泄露机密消息来源,除非在紧急情况下,例如防止恐怖袭击。

🛡️ **限制政府秘密获取记者信息:**PRESS Act还限制政府秘密获取记者或其电子邮件或电话提供商的记录,这些记录可能识别其消息来源,同样也存在紧急威胁的例外情况。

📢 **保障公众知情权:**强制记者交出消息来源的身份可能会对新闻收集产生寒蝉效应,人们会因此不愿与记者交谈,从而损害公众了解影响自身利益事件的能力。

🤝 **获得两党支持:**该法案已获得参议员Ron Wyden、Lindsey Graham、Mike Lee和Dick Durbin等人的支持,目前正在等待参议院最终投票。

📣 **呼吁公众敦促参议员投票支持:**公众可以通过美国公民自由联盟(ACLU)的网络表单或直接致电或发送电子邮件给参议员,要求他们投票支持PRESS Act。

Folks in America: Your senators only have a few weeks left to pass the PRESS Act, a federal “shield” bill that the House passed with unanimous, bipartisan support in January but has been waiting in the Senate for a final vote ever since. 

The PRESS Act, if passed into law, would enshrine nationwide protections for journalists across the United States from forcibly having to identify or give up their confidential sources (except in emergency cases, like to prevent an act of terrorism). The bill also grants other protections, such as limiting what records the government can secretly take from journalists or their email or phone provider that could identify their sources — again, with a narrow set of exceptions for emergency threats.

Lawmakers have been pushing to pass federal protections for journalists in the PRESS Act for the past year, citing recent U.S. government abuses, including the secret seizure of phone records from journalists who worked for CNN, The New York Times, and The Washington Post at the request of the Justice Department under the Trump administration. As noted last week by The Verge, protections for journalists and their sources will become increasingly relevant in a second Trump term.

Forcing journalists to turn over a source’s identity can have a real chilling effect on newsgathering. People will feel discouraged from talking to journalists, and that harms the public’s ability to be informed about things that affect them. We also increasingly consume our news from independent journalists and smaller outlets, which might not have the legal resources to fight a government subpoena for their records. The PRESS Act would provide the same blanket protections to journalists across the United States, and also covers independent journalists and outlets that publish information in the public interest.

While the bill doesn’t affect the tech industry directly, as a news outlet, we’re in favor of protecting and building upon press freedoms. Some of TechCrunch’s most read and impactful reporting has come from readers like you, who have reached out and tipped us off to corporate wrongdoing, unearthing mismanagement in the startup world, detailing human rights abuses, and revealing major breaches and data spills, cyberattacks and criminality that otherwise might have gone unreported. TechCrunch has a history of standing up to legal demands to protect our sources. We can only do this with the protections of press freedoms.

At this point, the PRESS Act already has bipartisan support in the Senate, with Sens. Ron Wyden, Lindsey Graham, Mike Lee, and Dick Durbin as co-sponsors. The bill is just waiting for a final vote on the Senate floor, with weeks to go before the bill expires at the end of the congressional session.

The ACLU has a web form if you want to send a note to your senators, or you can call or email them directly to ask them to vote for the PRESS Act.

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PRESS Act 记者保护 新闻自由 消息来源 政府监管
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