Today we continue our 2019 NeurIPS coverage, this time around joined by Blake Richards, Assistant Professor at McGill University and a Core Faculty Member at Mila. Blake was an invited speaker at the Neuro-AI Workshop, and presented his research on “Sensory Prediction Error Signals in the Neocortex.” In our conversation, we discuss a series of recent studies on two-photon calcium imaging. We talk predictive coding, hierarchical inference, and Blake’s recent work on memory systems for reinforcement lea