Fortune | FORTUNE 2024年10月18日
Childcare failures and a maternal health crisis are crushing working parents
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美国在母婴方面面临诸多问题,如投入育儿资金少、母亲承受压力大、存在母职惩罚、母婴死亡率上升等。这些问题涉及经济和健康等方面,影响女性职场平等,需多方干预来解决。

🎈美国虽富裕,但投入育儿的资金极少,Reshma Saujani指出此问题。疫情让许多女性意识到作为职场妈妈的艰难,承受着巨大压力。

💔存在母职惩罚,美国不仅有性别工资差距,还有母性工资差距。男性有孩子后工资增加,女性则相反,且母婴死亡率在上升。

🙅‍♀️Saujani认为女性未实现职场平等是因被误导自身有问题,母职是性别平等的最终斗争,这一问题需私企或政府干预。

👩‍⚕️Roe v. Wade案的逆转可能使母婴死亡率尤其黑人女性的死亡率增加,影响患者治疗,Burns以自身经历说明此问题的严重性。

America is facing a crisis on two fronts: maternal health and childcare. And you can imagine that it is women who bear the brunt. “We are the wealthiest nation that puts the least amount of money into childcare,” Reshma Saujani, founder of Moms First and Girls Who Code, said at Fortune’s Most Powerful Women summit in Laguna Niguel, Calif. on Wednesday.“Mothers are broken,” Saujani said. It was the pandemic that triggered the stark realization among a lot of women that they were struggling under the weight of being a working mom, Saujani said. And it isn’t just labor, it’s the motherhood penalty. We don’t have a gender pay gap, we have a motherly pay gap, Saujani added. In that vein, America is one of only a few countries to actually have a rising maternal mortality rate, said  Christy Turlington Burns as she sat beside Saujani on stage. Men get a salary increase every time they have a child, while women lose money, Saujani noted. Every two minutes, a woman dies from complications related to pregnancy or childbirth, Burns said. Those stunning statistics form the basis for intertwining crises; economics and health, and probably more. “We’ve been told decade after decade that we’re the problem, that we’re the reason why we’re not free or equal,” Saujani said. “It’s because we don’t have enough confidence, because we didn’t find a mentor, because we didn’t color code our calendar, right, that the problem is us. Well, that’s a bold faced lie.”That fallacy has kept women from reaching equality in the workplace. “Motherhood is the final fight for gender equality,” Saujani said. Later, she called it a market failure that required intervention, whether that be from the private sector or the government.Well, we happen to be in an election year, and the notion of motherhood has emerged front and center—sometimes that’s via discussions on abortion and childcare costs. Saujani said she asked former President Donald Trump about the latter, to which she said he responded with a “word salad.” Still, the childcare debate went viral afterward, sparking further discussion in the presidential and vice presidential debate. Not to mention, men might be paying more attention since they worry for their daughters and future struggles to balance. And with the reversal of Roe v. Wade, there is an expectation that there will be an increase in maternal mortality, particularly for Black women, Burns said. She’s spent time with mothers dealing with anomaly pregnancies who have had to travel to another state for care, in some cases witnesses pro-life posters and signs on the way there. It affects providers, too, who can’t treat patients. Burns shared that she hemorrhaged after giving birth to her daughter, who is now 21-years-old, and that’s what got her into this line of work and advocacy.“This is like cutting off the hands of physicians all across this country,” Burns said. 

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美国母婴问题 母职惩罚 职场平等 母婴死亡率
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