ByteByteGo 2024年10月12日
EP133: API vs SDK
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本文介绍了 Kubernetes 的流行原因,并解释了它是什么。文章还讨论了 API 和 SDK 的区别,Terraform 如何将代码转化为云基础设施,以及常见的 HTTP 状态码。最后,文章列举了五种常见的部署策略,并介绍了 QA Wolf 和 New Relic AI Monitoring 两种工具的应用场景。

🚀 **Kubernetes 的流行原因** Kubernetes 是一款开源的容器编排平台,它能够自动化容器化应用程序的部署、扩展和管理。Kubernetes 的流行原因包括: - **可扩展性:**Kubernetes 能够轻松地扩展应用程序,以满足不断增长的流量需求。 - **可靠性:**Kubernetes 提供了高可用性,确保应用程序始终可用。 - **可移植性:**Kubernetes 可以在各种云平台和本地数据中心运行。 - **社区支持:**Kubernetes 有一个庞大的社区,提供丰富的文档、工具和支持。

💻 **API 与 SDK 的区别** API 和 SDK 是软件开发中不可或缺的工具,但它们具有不同的目的: - **API(应用程序编程接口):**API 是一套规则和协议,允许不同的软件应用程序和服务相互通信。它定义了软件组件如何交互,促进软件组件之间的数据交换和功能访问,通常由端点、请求和响应组成。 - **SDK(软件开发工具包):**SDK 是一套完整的工具、库、示例代码和文档,帮助开发人员为特定平台、框架或硬件构建应用程序。它提供更高层次的抽象,简化了特定平台的开发,针对特定平台或框架,确保在该平台上的兼容性和最佳性能,提供对特定于平台的高级功能和能力的访问,这些功能可能难以从头开始实现。

☁️ **Terraform 如何将代码转化为云基础设施** Terraform 将代码转化为云基础设施的流程包含以下几个阶段: - **编写基础设施即代码:**在 Terraform 配置文件中定义资源、提供者和配置。使用变量、模块和函数使代码可重用和可维护。与 Terraform 社区注册表集成,以获取可立即使用的模块。 - **Terraform 计划:**通过运行“terraform plan”来预览 Terraform 将对基础设施进行的更改。它可以作为 CI/CD 管道的组成部分触发。Terraform 将配置文件中定义的期望状态与状态文件中的当前状态进行比较。 - **Terraform 应用:**运行“terraform apply”根据计划创建、更新或删除资源。Terraform 向指定的提供者(AWS、Azure、GCP、Kubernetes 等)发出 API 调用以配置资源。状态文件会更新以反映基础设施的新状态。 - **基础设施就绪:**Terraform 状态文件充当基础设施当前状态的单一事实来源。状态文件支持版本控制和团队成员之间协作,以便进行未来的更改。

🌐 **常见的 HTTP 状态码** HTTP 响应代码分为五类: - **信息性 (100-199)** - **成功 (200-299)** - **重定向 (300-399)** - **客户端错误 (400-499)** - **服务器错误 (500-599)** 这些代码在 RFC 9110 中定义。为了免去您阅读整个文档(大约 200 页),这里总结了最常见的代码。

🚀 **五种常见的部署策略** - **大爆炸部署:**将新版本直接部署到生产环境。 - **滚动部署:**将新版本逐步部署到生产环境,并监控每个阶段的性能。 - **蓝绿部署:**创建两个相同的生产环境,一个称为“蓝色”环境,另一个称为“绿色”环境。将新版本部署到“绿色”环境,并进行测试。一旦测试通过,将流量切换到“绿色”环境。 - **金丝雀部署:**将新版本部署到一小部分用户,并监控其性能。如果一切正常,将新版本部署到所有用户。 - **特性切换:**在代码中添加特性切换,允许在不重新部署应用程序的情况下启用或禁用特性。

This week’s system design refresher:


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Why is Kubernetes Popular | What is Kubernetes?


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API vs SDK

API (Application Programming Interface) and SDK (Software Development Kit) are essential tools in the software development world, but they serve distinct purposes:

API: An API is a set of rules and protocols that allows different software applications and services to communicate with each other.

    It defines how software components should interact.

    Facilitates data exchange and functionality access between software components.

    Typically consists of endpoints, requests, and responses.

SDK: An SDK is a comprehensive package of tools, libraries, sample code, and documentation that assists developers in building applications for a particular platform, framework, or hardware.

    Offers higher-level abstractions, simplifying development for a specific platform.

    Tailored to specific platforms or frameworks, ensuring compatibility and optimal performance on that platform.

    Offer access to advanced features and capabilities specific to the platform, which might be otherwise challenging to implement from scratch.

The choice between APIs and SDKs depends on the development goals and requirements of the project.

Over to you: Which do you find yourself gravitating towards – APIs or SDKs – Every implementation has a unique story to tell. What's yours?


How does Terraform turn Code into Cloud?

There are multiple stages in a Terraform workflow:

    Write Infrastructure as Code

    Define resources, providers, and configurations in Terraform configuration files.
    Use variables, modules, and functions to make the code reusable and maintainable.
    Integrate with Terraform community registries for ready-to-use modules.

    Terraform Plan
    Preview the changes Terraform will make to the infrastructure by running “terraform plan”. It can be triggered as part of a CI/CD pipeline.
    Terraform compares the desired state defined in the configuration file with the current state in the state file.

    Terraform Apply
    Run “terraform apply” to create, update, or delete resources based on the plan.
    Terraform makes API calls to the specified providers (AWS, Azure, GCP, Kubernetes, etc) to provision the resources.
    The state file is updated to reflect the new state of the infrastructure.

    Infrastructure Ready
    Terraform state file acts as a single source of truth for the current state of the infrastructure.
    State file enables version control and collaboration between team members for future changes.

Over to you: Have you used Terraform in your projects?


HTTP Status Code You Should Know

The response codes for HTTP are divided into five categories:

Informational (100-199)
Success (200-299)
Redirection (300-399)
Client Error (400-499)
Server Error (500-599)

These codes are defined in RFC 9110. To save you from reading the entire document (which is about 200 pages), here is a summary of the most common ones:

Over to you: HTTP status code 401 is for Unauthorized. Can you explain the difference between authentication and authorization, and which one does code 401 check for?


Top 5 Most-Used Deployment Strategies

- Big Bang Deployment

- Rolling Deployment

- Blue-Green Deployment

- Canary Deployment

- Feature Toggle


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Kubernetes 容器编排 API SDK Terraform HTTP 状态码 部署策略
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